Nutritional composition of milk produced by mothers delivering preterm

Gross, Steven J.; David, Richard J.; Bauman, L.M.; Tomarelli, R. M.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(80)80729-3

Cited by 246 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The milk produced by the mother of a PTNB infant in the first four weeks after delivery contains a higher concentration of nitrogen, proteins with immunological functions, total lipids, medium-chain fatty acids, vitamins A, D and E, calcium, sodium and energy than that produced by mothers of a full-term infant. 83 If the infant cannot suck directly at the breast, he/she must receive the expressed milk. 39 A strategy that results in increased weight gain among PTNB infants is the offer of hindmilk, which contains up to three times more fat than foremilk.…”

Section: Special Considerations For Human Milk Feeding Of Preterm Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aleitamento materno em prematuros: manejo clínico hospitalar

Nascimento¹,

Issler²

2004

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Suggested citation: do Nascimento MB, Issler H. Breastfeeding in premature infants: in-hospital clinical management. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2004;80(5 Suppl):S163-S172. AbstractObjective: To describe the importance of breastfeeding and its promotion in the in-hospital clinical management of premature newborns. Source of data:The authors made an extensive literature review on the topic, including technical books, theses, publications of national and international organizations, and search on MEDLINE database (1990 to 2003), using the following key words and boolean operators: breastfeeding AND low birth weight and breastfeeding AND preterm infant . Some significant references cited in the reviewed publications were used as well.Summary of the findings: After this review we conclude that many aspects make the breast milk particularly suitable to the premature newborn feeding. Despite being highly desirable, little success in breastfeeding preterm infants is generally observed, particularly in special care neonatal units, although there are evidences suggesting that a highly supportive hospital environment can make it possible to breastfeed these infants.Conclusions: Although breastfeeding premature infants represents a challenge, it is feasible if appropriate help and support are provided. Mothers of premature infants need information and support to make informed decisions about their infants feeding.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2004;80(5 Suppl):S163-S172: Breastfeeding, human milk, newborn, preterm infant, neonatal care. Breastfeeding in premature infants:in-hospital clinical management Maria Beatriz R. do Nascimento, 1 Hugo Issler 2 0021-7557/04/80-05-Suppl/S163 Jornal de Pediatria Copyright © 2004 by Sociedade Brasileira de PediatriaBreastfeeding is the safest and most natural form of infant feeding, and it should be exclusive up to the sixth month. After that, complementary feeding should be implemented, but breastfeeding can be maintained up to the second year of life or longer. 1 Human milk provides a unique combination of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, enzymes and living cells, in addition to offering nutritional, immunological, psychological and economic benefits. 2-7 These qualities have great importance when it comes to preterm newborns (PTNB), due to their greater vulnerability. 8 The appropriate clinical management of lactation has been described to facilitate the successful breastfeeding of full-term newborns. 9 The medical literature also provides evidence that mothers of PTNB infants should have access to breastfeeding support, in order to maintain a sufficient milk production; however, practical aspects regarding the promotion of human milk feeding still have not been settled into the routine care of preterm infants in most neonatal

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Section: Special Considerations For Human Milk Feeding Of Preterm Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aleitamento materno em prematuros: manejo clínico hospitalar

Nascimento¹,

Issler²

2004

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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“…8 " 12 Debido a quo el contenido de protefnas de la leche on las diferentes espccies varfa en relacion directa a la velocidad de crecimiento. expresada como el tiempo neccsario para doblar el peso de nacimiento, se penso que la leche de las madrcs de pretermino podia promovcr mayor crecimiento en prematures que la leche de banco.…”

Section: Grupounclassified

“…1 En los uitimos anos, varies estudios nan demostrado que la composicion de la leche humana es diferentc segun la edad gestacional en la que se produce el parto. 8 " 10 Es asi como la leche producida por madres de ninos de pretermino, durante el primer mes de lactancia, tiene mayor contenido de protefnas y nitrogeno no proteico, 8 -9 ' 11 sodio, potasio y cloro 8 ' 12 que la leche de madres de recien nacidos de termino, en el mismo periodo.…”

unclassified

Alimentación de recién nacidos de muy bajo peso con leche de su propia madre.

B¹,

H²,

B³

et al. 1987

Rev. chil. pediatr.

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“…Recent reports have suggested that preterm infants may benefit from their mother's milk for their nutritional and immunological adaptation. Milk obtained from mothers of preterm neonates has increased contents of protein, fat, sodium and chloride, and lower concentration of lactose when compared with that of mothers of full term babies [1,3,8,9]. The composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is the same [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%