Nutritional components of the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra

Abstract

Background: Holothuria scabra is one of the most commercially important species found in the Pacific region. The sea cucumber extracts have been widely reported to have beneficial health effects. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional compositions of H. scabra, and compare its important nutritional contents with that of other species.Methods: The sea cucumbers were dissected, sliced into small pieces, and then freeze-dried. The nutritional compositions, including proximate composition, amino acids, fatty acids, collagen, GABA, Vitamin A, C, and E of the whole body and body wall of H. scabra, were analyzed.Results: H. scabra contained a high quantity of protein (22.50% in whole body and 55.18% in body wall) and very low lipids (1.55% in whole body and 1.02% in body wall). The three most abundant amino acids found in both the whole body and body wall were glycine, glutamic acid, and proline. The main fatty acids found in the whole body were stearic acid and nervonic acid, and in the body wall were arachidonic acid and stearic acid. The whole body and body wall also contained high levels of essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, and collagen, in addition to moderate amounts of vitamin E and low amounts of GABA and vitamin C.Conclusions: The sea cucumber, H. scabra, contained high quantity of protein and very low lipid. It contained high essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, nervonic and arachidonic acids, and collagen, which also contained GABA, vitamin C, and vitamin E.Keywords: sea cucumber; Holothuria scabra; nutrition components; functional food

Evidence for a Saponin Biosynthesis Pathway in the Body Wall of the Commercially Significant Sea Cucumber Holothuria scabra

“…This compares with the relatively low levels found in other aquaculture species including raw tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (23.06%), raw cat fish Clarias gariepinus (20%) and raw salmon Salmo salar (40%). Further supporting sea cucumbers as an excellent nutritional source is their very low lipid content (4.6% to 5.0%) [ 34 ]; relative to levels in salmon (10%), tilapia (12.85%), and catfish (13.86%) [ 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Komposisi Kandungan Asam Amino Pada Teripang Emas (Stichoupus horens) di Perairan Pulau Bintan, Kepulauan Riau

“…Jenis teripang tersebut antara lain Stichopus herrmanni, Thelenota ananas, Thelenota anax, Holothuria fuscogilva, Holothuria fuscopunctata, Actinopyga mauritiana, Actinopyga caerulea dan Bohadschia argus (Wen et al 2010). Sroyraya et al (2017) menyatakan Holothuria scabra mengandung protein (22.50% di seluruh tubuh dan 55.18% di dinding tubuh) dan lemak yang rendah (1.55% di seluruh bagian tubuh dan 1.02% di dinding tubuhnya). Widianingsih et al (2016) menyebutkan Teripang Paracaudina australis memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi (20.22 %), memiliki karbohidrat yang rendah (0.86 %), abu (2.58 %), lemak total (1.42 %) crude fiber (0.51 %) dan mengandung kadar air yang tinggi (74.92 %).…”

“…Asam lemak yang ditemukan pada teripang H scabra adalah stearic acid and nervonic acid pada seluruh tubuhnya, dan di dinding tubuhnya ditemukan arachidonic acid and stearic acid. (Sroyraya et al 2017). Profil asam amino teripang Paracaudina australis didominasi oleh asam glutamat (1.06 g • (100 g) -1 ), glisin (0.85 g • (100 g) -1 ), asam aspartat (0.60 g • (100 g) -1 ).…”

Profiles and Biological Values of Sea Cucumbers: A Mini Review

“…The amino acids profile, especially the essential amino acids and the presence of necessary trace elements makes sea cucumber a healthy food item (Zaenuri et al, 2016). The dominant amino acids found in sea cucumbers are glutamic acid, glycine, and proline (Sroyraya et al, 2017;Wen et al, 2010). Also, sea cucumbers do contain rich nutritional contents comprising arachidonic acids, glycosaminoglycan, collagen, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), vitamin C and E, (Sroyraya et al, 2017;Li et al, 2017;Masre et al, 2011).…”

“…The dominant amino acids found in sea cucumbers are glutamic acid, glycine, and proline (Sroyraya et al, 2017;Wen et al, 2010). Also, sea cucumbers do contain rich nutritional contents comprising arachidonic acids, glycosaminoglycan, collagen, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), vitamin C and E, (Sroyraya et al, 2017;Li et al, 2017;Masre et al, 2011). The integument body wall of sea cucumber consists of rich insoluble collagen, which has several pharmacological roles including tissue repair (Park et al, 2012), antioxidant (Abedin et al, 2014) and anticancer (Zhou et al, 2012).…”