Nutritional assessment: Whole body impedance and body fluid compartments

Settle, R. Gregg; Foster, Kenneth R.; Epstein, Benjamin R.; Mullen, James L.

doi:10.1080/01635588009513660

Cited by 67 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…They found that 1 kHz was the best frequency at which to mea sure impedance in order to predict ECW, whereas total body water could be predicted by BIA preferably at higher frequencies (50-100 kHz) [17]. This is in agreement with the findings of Jenin et al [18] and Settle et al [19]. On the contrary, Segal et al [4] conclud ed that 5 kHz was the appropriate frequency to predict ECW.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Validation of Extracellular Water Determination by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Growth Hormone-Deficient Adults

Snel¹,

Brummer²,

Doerga³

et al. 1995

Ann Nutr Metab

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We validated the determination of extracellular water (ECW) by the bioelectrical impedance method (BIA), using the RJL manufacturer-supplied equation and the equation of Lukaski in 34 growth hormone-deficient (GHD) patients before and after replacement with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), using the bromide-dilution (Br^-) method as the reference method. At baseline, paired comparisons showed no significant differences between mean ECW assessed by the Br^- method and by BIA using both equations in the placebo and rhGH group. At 6 months, no significant difference was found between ECW assessed by the Br method and by BIA using the manufacturer-supplied equation, both in the placebo and rhGH group. High coefficients of reliability (0.88–0.98) and high correlations (0.79–0.98; p < 0.001) were found between ECW assessed by the Br^- method and by BIA applying two different regression equations in the placebo and rhGH groups at baseline and after 6 months. Mean differences in ECW assessed by the Br^- method and BIA were between 2.6 and 4.1 % of the mean ECW determined by the Br- method at baseline and between 2.7 and 8.5% after 6 months. Multiple comparisons showed a significantly greater ECW assessed by the Br^- method than by BIA using the equation of Lukaski (p < M 0.0001). This difference was found in the placebo and rhGH replacement group. The difference changed with time (p = 0.005), indicating that the usefulness of the formula of Lukaski seems to be affected by rhGH replacement therapy. We conclude that the noninvasive BIA technique might be a useful method to predict ECW in GHD patients. For assessing ECW during rhGH replacement, the manufacturer-supplied equation seems to be preferable.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Validation of Extracellular Water Determination by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Growth Hormone-Deficient Adults

Snel¹,

Brummer²,

Doerga³

et al. 1995

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…The ratio of impedance at low frequency to impedance at high frequency may be a useful tool as an indicator of body water distribution [4,5], A low ratio indicates a relatively larger ECW compartment. The usefulness of such a ratio was confirmed in several studies [4, 7.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the cell membrane acts as an electrical capacitor, lowfrequency currents cannot pass the cell mem brane, which means that at low frequency bioelectrical impedance is a measure of ECW only [4,5]. At high frequency the capacitive resist ance of the cell membrane diminishes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifrequency Impedance in the Assessment of Body Water Losses during Dialysis

Lorenzo

Deurenberg²,

Andréoli³

et al. 1994

Kidney Blood Press Res

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Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance was used to predict changes in body water compartments during renal dialysis. Weight loss during dialysis was assumed to be water loss. Predicted total body water (TBW) from impedance after dialysis did not differ significantly from TBW determined by deuterium oxide dilution. However, the predicted change in TBW from bioelectrical impedance largely exceeded the observed weight (water) loss. The predicted change in extracellular water was slightly but significantly lower compared to the observed weight loss. The ratio of impedance at 1-100 kHz increased in all subjects during dialysis, and may be a simple tool to assess body water distribution.

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“…The method is based on the electrical conductivity of the body which can be measured when a small alternating current is applied. In living organ isms, the resistance or impedance across the body is related to the amount of conductive tissue, in fact body water [1][2][3]. The single fre quency bioelectrical impedance method is re liable and valid, but it also has its limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It appeared to be dependent on sex and age [4][5][6][7], which is probably due to a different water distribution over the intra-and extra cellular compartments across sex and age groups [8. 9], Body impedance is also dependent on the used frequency [1][2][3], A simple electrical cir cuit ( fig. 1) can be used to explain why impe dance of tissues changes with the used fre quency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance as a Measure of Differences in Body Water Distribution

Lusseveld¹,

Peters²

1993

Ann Nutr Metab

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In 38 females, aged 21.3 ± 1.8 years (mean ± SD) and 22 males, aged 21.6 ± 2.0 years, total body water (TBW) was assessed by bioelectrical impedance at a frequency of 100 kHz (Z₁₀₀), and extracellular water (ECW) was assessed at a frequency of 1 (Z₁) or 5 kHz (Z₅). Impedance ratios of low frequencies (Z₁ or Z₅) to high frequency (Z₁₀₀) were calculated as indicators of body water distribution. Furthermore, changes in body water distribution during the menstrual cycle were assessed in 16 females, aged 22.1 ± 1.7 years, divided into subjects using or not using oral contraceptives. In general, the ratio ECW to TBW was lower in males compared to females, which was reflected in the ratios Z₁/Z₁₀₀ and Z₅/Z₁₀₀·However, the ratio Z₅/Z₁₀₀ reflected this difference less clear, probably because at 5 kHz the current partly passes the cell membranes. Weight changes during the menstrual cycle are generally accepted to be due to a retention of ECW. The ratio Z₅/Z₁₀₀ and the ratios Z₁/Z₁₀₀and Z₅/Z₁₀₀ for those subjects not using oral contraceptives differed significantly between day with minimal and day with maximal weight. A negative correlation was found between weight change, still considering day with minimal and day with maximal weight, and change in impedance at 5 and 50 kHz for subjects not using oral contraceptives. It is concluded that differences in body water distribution are reflected by low-to-high impedance ratios.

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Nutritional assessment: Whole body impedance and body fluid compartments

Cited by 67 publications

References 11 publications

Validation of Extracellular Water Determination by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Growth Hormone-Deficient Adults

Validation of Extracellular Water Determination by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Growth Hormone-Deficient Adults

Multifrequency Impedance in the Assessment of Body Water Losses during Dialysis

Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance as a Measure of Differences in Body Water Distribution

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