Nutritional and physiological responses of growing pigs exposed to a diurnal pattern of heat stress

Patience, John F.; Umboh, J. F.; Chaplin, R. K.; Nyachoti, C. M.

doi:10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.01.012

Cited by 84 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As previous studies would suggest (Xin and DeShazer, 1991;Nyachoti et al, 2004;Patience et al, 2005), temperature cycling affected FFI. High temperature tended to affect FFI (P = 0.062) when temperatures cycled diurnally, but responses to thermal stress were linear across temperatures when cycling did not occur.…”

Section: Additional Fractional Feed Intake Modelsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…The biological influence of heat stress is impacted by duration of exposure to extreme temperatures (Renaudeau et al, 2007), night cooling (Xin and DeShazer, 1991;Patience et al, 2005), relative humidity (Huynh et al, 2005), diet composition (Jørgensen et al, 1996;Kerr et al, 2003), and genetics (Brown-Brandl et al, 2001;Sutherland et al, 2006), among others. In particular, ME content (Baldwin and Sainz, 1995;Rodrigues et al, 2012), protein and AA balance (Kerr et al, 2003;Spencer et al, 2005;Wolp et al, 2012), dietary additives (Zier-Rush et al, 2014) ,and mineral concentrations (Haydon et al, 1990;Kim et al, 2009) all affect responses to heat stress.…”

Section: Model Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High temperature tended to affect FFI (P = 0.062) when temperatures cycled diurnally, but responses to thermal stress were linear across temperatures when cycling did not occur. Heat-stressed climates with temperature cycling can result in exceptionally poor feed intake as pigs have a more difficult time adapting to the elevated environmental temperatures (Lopez et al, 1991a;Xin and DeShazer, 1991;Patience et al, 2005). In contrast, night cooling has been proposed as a way to improve feed intake during times of heat stress because it allows a period of time within the thermoneutral zone for pigs to recover (Ames and Ray, 1983).…”

Section: Additional Fractional Feed Intake Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating equations estimating change in swine feed intake during heat and cold stress1

White

Miller

Hanigan

2015

Journal of Animal Science

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ABSTRACT:The objectives of this study were to evaluate heat stress feed intake models for growing swine using a data set assembled from the literature and to develop a series of new equations modeling the influence of the thermal environment and interactions between the thermal environmental and other factors on feed intake. A literature survey was conducted to identify studies assessing intake responses to temperature. The resulting data set comprised 35 studies containing 120 comparisons to thermoneutral intake. Intake as a fraction of thermoneutral intake (FFI) was the primary response variable, where a value of 1 represented no change from thermoneutral intake. The FFI predicted by NRC and a recent model from a meta-analysis (Renaudeau et al.,) were compared to observed values. New parameters for the NRC equation (NRCmod) were derived, and a series of new equations incorporating duration of exposure (TD), temperature cycling (TC), and floor type (TH) were also derived. Root-mean-square prediction error (RMSPE) and concordance correlation coefficients were used to evaluate all models. The RMSPE for the NRC model was 23.6 with mean and slope bias accounting for 12.6% and 51.1% of prediction error, respectively. The TD, TC, and TH models had reduced RMSPE compared with NRC: 12.9 for TD, 12.6 for TC, and 12.9 for TS. Substantial improvements were also made by refitting parameters (NRCmod; RMSPE 13.0%). In NRCmod, TD, TC, and TH, random error was the predominant source, accounting for over 97% of prediction error. The Renaudeau et al. model was also evaluated. Renaudeau et al. had relatively low RMSPE (22.3) for intake but higher RMSPE for FFI (22.6) than NRC, NRCmod, TD, TC, or TH. Additional parameters were derived for the Renaudeau et al. equation to account for housing system and diet characteristics. This adjustment reduced RMSPE of predicting feed intake (16.0) and FFI (16.3) and reduced systematic bias in the equation. This evaluation of equations highlights the effects of novel explanatory variables on feed intake during heat stress, and the comparison can be useful when selecting a model that best explains variability in feed intake responses to heat stress given available input data.

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Section: Additional Fractional Feed Intake Modelsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Model Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Additional Fractional Feed Intake Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating equations estimating change in swine feed intake during heat and cold stress1

White

Miller

Hanigan

2015

Journal of Animal Science

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“…De forma semelhante, Patience et al (2005) também observaram aumento na temperatura retal de suínos expostos à temperatura ambiente muito elevada (38 o C).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Lisina digestível para suínos machos castrados de alta deposição de carne submetidos a estresse por calor dos 30 aos 60 kg

Batista¹,

Oliveira²,

Donzele³

et al. 2011

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -Este estudo foi realizado para avaliar níveis de lisina digestível para suínos dos 30 aos 60 kg mantidos sob estresse por calor. Utilizaram-se 70 suínos machos castrados mantidos em ambiente a 30ºC e outros 70 em ambiente a 34ºC, distribuídos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos (0,83; 0,93; 1,03; 1,13 e 1,23% de lisina digestível), sete repetições e dois animais por unidade experimental. O ganho de peso diário dos animais mantidos a 30ºC aumentou até o nível de 1,04% de lisina digestível, mas a 34ºC não variou. O consumo de ração diário dos animais a 30 e a 34ºC não variou com os níveis de lisina. O consumo de lisina diário dos animais, em ambos os ambientes, aumentou de acordo com o nível de lisina da ração. A 30ºC, a conversão alimentar melhorou até o nível de 1,07% de lisina, enquanto a 34ºC não variou entre os níveis de lisina. Independentemente da temperatura, a eficiência de utilização de lisina reduziu conforme aumentaram os níveis de lisina e foi 4,4% pior no ambiente com temperatura mais elevada. A deposição de proteína na carcaça dos animais no ambiente a 30ºC aumentou até o nível de 1,05% de lisina, mas não variou no ambiente a 34ºC. A 30ºC, a deposição de gordura reduziu até o nível de 1,08% de lisina, enquanto a 34ºC, aumentou até o nível de 1,08% e foi, em média, 25,6% menor que a 30ºC.Os níveis de triiodotironina e tiroxina foram 35 e 30%, respectivamente, menores nos animais mantidos em ambiente a 34ºC, em que a frequência respiratória e temperatura retal também foram mais altas que as observadas nos animais mantidos a 30ºC.Os níveis de 1,04 e 0,83% de lisina digestível proporcionam maior ganho de peso e deposição de proteína em suínos mantidos, respectivamente, em ambientes a 30 e 34ºC.Palavras-chave: ambiente, aminoácido, desempenho, hormônios da tireóide, temperatura Digestible lysine levels for high lean deposition barrows from 30 to 60 kg kept under heat stress ABSTRACT -This study was conducted to evaluate levels of digestible lysine for pigs at 30 to 60 kg kept under heat stress. It was used 70 castrated animals kept in environment at 30ºC and others 70 kept at 34ºC, distributed in a randomized block design, with five treatments (0.83, 0.93, 1.03, 1.13 and 1.23% digestible lysine), and seven repetitions with two animals per experimental unit. The daily weight gain of the animals kept at 30ºC increased up to 1.04% of digestible lysine, whereas it did not change at 34ºC. Feed daily intake of animals at 30ºC and 34ºC did not change with levels of lysine. Daily lysine intake of animals, in both environments, increased according to the level of lysine in the diet. At 30ºC, feed conversion improved up to the level of 1.07% lysine, whereas at 34ºC, it did not vary among lysine levels. Regardless of the temperature, use efficiency of lysine decreased as levels of lysine increased and it was 4.4% worse in the environment with higher temperature. Protein deposition in carcass in the 30ºC environment increased up to the level of 1.05% lysine, but it did not change at 34º...

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“…In addition, pigs maintain more subcutaneous fat compared to other species and this prevents effective heat dissipation (Mount et al, 1979). Due to inadequate sweat glands, pigs depend on panting as their primary mechanism of heat dissipation (Patience et al, 2005), especially if they don't have access to a wallowing area. The normal body temperature of the pig is 39.2°C (102.5°F) and at ambient temperatures above 22°C heat stress indicators such as increased respiration rates, and rectal temperatures are observed (Huynh et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological responses in pigs on antioxidant supplementation during summer and winter

Chakraborty

Baruah

Sarmah

et al. 2017

IJAR

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The objective of the study was to assess the variability in the physiological responses of growing pigs on melatonin and vitamin E supplementation during summer and winter seasons.36 nos. of weaned crossbred (Hampshire X Assam local) female pigs were selected for the study. Eighteen (18) animals were subjected to treatment separately during summer and winter. The selected animals were divided into three groups, with six pigs in each group, consisting of the control group (Treatment 1), a second group comprising of animals fed with melatonin (Meloset) @3 mg/animal (Treatment 2) and a third group in which the animals were fed Vitamin E (Evion) @100 mg (Treatment 3), for both the seasons. The rectal temperature, respiration and pulse rate differed significantly (P<0.01) between seasons. There was also significant difference (P<0.01) in the mean pulse rate between treatment.

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Nutritional and physiological responses of growing pigs exposed to a diurnal pattern of heat stress

Cited by 84 publications

References 22 publications

Evaluating equations estimating change in swine feed intake during heat and cold stress1

Evaluating equations estimating change in swine feed intake during heat and cold stress1

Lisina digestível para suínos machos castrados de alta deposição de carne submetidos a estresse por calor dos 30 aos 60 kg

Physiological responses in pigs on antioxidant supplementation during summer and winter

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