Nutritional and energy values of sunflower cake for broilers

Abstract

The study aimed to determine the nutritional and energy values of sunflower cake for broilers through two experiments. The first study evaluated the energy values by the method of total excreta collection, using 100 broiler chicks 21-31 days old, divided into five treatments of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% inclusion sunflower cake will reference a diet. The second experiment evaluated the influence of the period and the quantity supplied of sunflower cake on digestibility of amino acids by a forcedfeeding technique. Eighteen cockerels were used, divided into three treatments, which consisted of supplying 15 g of sunflower cake, 30 g of sunflower cake (15 g at intervals of 12 hours) and 30 g of sunflower cake (15 g at intervals of 24 hours), and an additional six roosters were fasted for correction of metabolic and endogenous losses. The samples were sent for amino acid analysis by HPLC in the Evonik Laboratory (Germany), and chemical and energy analysis to Unioeste Laboratory. The values of apparent metabolizable energy (AME), metabolization coefficient (AMC), apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn), metabolization coefficient corrected for nitrogen balance (AMCn) for sunflower cake were 2211.68 kcal.kg -1 , 2150.54 kcal.kg -1 , 45.47% and 44.73%, respectively. The amount of food provided in the feeding method changed the assessment of true digestibility of amino acids (TDCA), and when only 15 g was used, the values of true digestibility coefficients were underestimated. The lysine, histidine and threonine amino acids were at lower TDCA, and arginine and methionine showed the highest TDCA for sunflower cake.

Sunflower cake with or without enzymatic complex for broiler chickens feeding

“…The SC was acquired from a sunflower oil production facility in Toledo, PR. A prior digestibility assay determined the chemical and energetic composition and the digestible amino acids used to formulate the experimental diets [ 8 ].…”

“…Diets and water were provided ad libitum for birds during the entire experimental period. Nutritional values of SC were used as proposed by Berwanger et al [ 8 ]. The diets were isonutritive, based on corn and soybean meal and formulated according to the requirements proposed by Rostagno et al [ 9 ] for birds from 21 to 35 d of age and from 36 to 42 d of age ( Table 1 ).…”

Sunflower cake in the diets of lightweight laying pullets: Effects on the growth phase and the beginning of production cycle

“…Sunflower oil is the main product of the oilseed chain and is produced through the following two distinct industrial processes: the first process exhibits high efficiency and uses solvent (hexane associated with high temperature) to produce a by-product known as a sunflower meal. In the second process, seeds are coldpressed in a mechanical process to produce the by-product called sunflower cake (SC) (Costa et al, 2005;Oliveira et al, 2012;Berwanger et al, 2014).…”

Performance of lightweight replacement pullets fed rations with sunflower cake and the addition of enzymes

“…The sunflower cake has been used in bird feeding due to its interesting chemical and energetic composition, with approximate contents of 22.33 to 28.44% crude protein and 2,150 to 3,056 kcal kg -1 apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen retention (EMAn) (Pereira et al, 2011;Oliveira et al, 2012;Pinheiro et al, 2013;Berwanger et al, 2014).…”

“…However, some factors may limit the use of the sunflower cake in bird feeding, such as its high fiber content and the presence of phytates and chlorogenic acid (Berwanger et al, 2014;Andrade et al, 2015). According to Jacob et al (1996), the insoluble fiber content of sunflower cake may be considered the main limiting factor for its use in the feeding of nonruminant animals.…”