Nutrition, metabolic profiles and puberty in Brahman (Bos indicus) beef heifers

Samadi, F.; Blache, Dominique; Martin, Graeme B.; D’Occhio, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.03.004

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The puberty weights obtained in this experiment are close to those reported by Samadi et al (2014), in which the authors found values of approximately 357 kg in Brahman heifers. Rincker et al (2011) subjected dairy heifers at an ADG of 0.95 kg during 180 days before the date predicted for puberty and observed puberty at 270 days.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Relationship of post-weaning growth and age at puberty in crossbred beef heifers

et al. 2017

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-This study was intended to evaluate body size structure and growth parameters of crossbred heifers fed at four nutritional levels to achieve puberty earlier. Animals were classified depending on their level of crossing between Nelore and Hereford and subjected to four nutritional levels (kg day -1 ) as follows: 0.5 (light; n = 32), 0.75 (medium; n = 32), 1.00 (high; n = 29), and 1.25 (very high; n = 27). Heifers at puberty and at weaning were individually classified for growth parameters. The fat thickness and longissimus muscle area throughout the experimental period were determined by ultrasonography. The height, heart girth, frame, and weight:height ratio were variables used to evaluate body traits. Univariate analysis of variance using the GLIM MIXED procedure os SPSS was performed and the significance level was set at 0.05. Age and body weight at puberty were 388±1.9 days and 331.4±1.3 kg, respectively. Body condition score demonstrated an interaction between nutritional level and crossbred degree. Heifers with the highest degree of Nelore had higher fat thickness and lower weight:height ratio compared with other racial groups at puberty. Pearson correlation coefficient showed a negative association for body condition score (-0.34) and fat thickness (-0.58) compared with age at puberty. The increased fat thickness at younger ages at puberty was observed in all racial groups. The increased weight:height ratio at younger ages at puberty was observed in all racial groups. We observed higher values for a frame in animals at the higher level of supplementation. There is a greater correlation between live weight gain and phenotypic traits during weaning to achieve puberty at an earlier age in crossbred heifers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Relationship of post-weaning growth and age at puberty in crossbred beef heifers

et al. 2017

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“…The genes identified in Medium EC levels could reduce the AFC by their action in insulin, glucose levels, and energetic metabolism. It is likely that the improvement in EC levels affects heifers' sexual precocity through changes in metabolic substrates (glucose and insulin) and their levels rather than a direct effect on reproductive hormones 17,37,49 . Samadi et al 17 observed that improved nutrition increases the blood concentration of insulin and glucose in Brahman heifers allowing lower AFC.…”

Section: Significant Regions Surround Genes With Ec Level-specific Efmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is likely that the improvement in EC levels affects heifers' sexual precocity through changes in metabolic substrates (glucose and insulin) and their levels rather than a direct effect on reproductive hormones 17,37,49 . Samadi et al 17 observed that improved nutrition increases the blood concentration of insulin and glucose in Brahman heifers allowing lower AFC. The insulin and glucose provide signals in reproductive pathway regulations, affecting the oocytes quality and development, and the modulation of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion 40 .…”

Section: Significant Regions Surround Genes With Ec Level-specific Efmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this framework, the EC descriptor used to encompass the production level was based on the best linear unbiased estimates (BLUE) solutions of the contemporary group for yearling body weight (YBW), once it condenses the different management and environmental factors in which the animals were raised. We focused on YBW because the differences in production environments affecting YBW present an important effect on heifers' early sexual puberty 2,3,17,18 .…”

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Genome-wide scan highlights the role of candidate genes on phenotypic plasticity for age at first calving in Nellore heifers

Mota

Lopes²,

Júnior

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Age at first calving (AFC) plays an important role in the economic efficiency of beef cattle production. This trait can be affected by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, leading to physiological changes in response to heifers' adaptation to a wide range of environments. Genomewide association studies through the reaction norm model were carried out to identify genomic regions associated with AFC in Nellore heifers, raised under different environmental conditions (EC). The SNP effects for AFC were estimated in three EC levels (Low, Medium, and High, corresponding to average contemporary group effects on yearling body weight equal to 159.40, 228.6 and 297.6 kg, respectively), which unraveled shared and unique genomic regions for AFC in Low, Medium, and High EC levels, that varied according to the genetic correlation between AFC in different EC levels. The significant genomic regions harbored key genes that might play an important biological role in controlling hormone signaling and metabolism. Shared genomic regions among EC levels were identified on BTA 2 and 14, harboring candidate genes associated with energy metabolism (IGFBP2, IGFBP5, SHOX, SMARCAL1, LYN, RPS20, MOS, PLAG1, CHCD7, and SDR16C6). Gene set enrichment analyses identified important biological functions related to growth, hormone levels affecting female fertility, physiological processes involved in female pregnancy, gamete generation, ovulation cycle, and age at puberty. the genomic regions highlighted differences in the physiological processes linked to AFC in different EC levels and metabolic processes that support complex interactions between the gonadotropic axes and sexual precocity in nellore heifers. open Scientific RepoRtS | (2020) 10:6481 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-63516-4 www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ pathway and gene network analyses from these results can be performed to uncover mechanisms whereby the environment can potentially affect the sexual precocity in cattle. Such knowledge regarding genomic regions and biological pathways involved with GxE interactions in Nellore heifers' sexual precocity is important to identify molecular mechanisms underlying the phenotypic responses to different environments. Hence, this study was carried out to evaluate the changes in the SNP effect estimates, as well as the biological processes associated with age at first calving in three environmental conditions, combining RN models and GWAS. Materials and Methodsethics approval. The animal procedures in this study were approved by Animal Care of the São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinary Science Ethical Committee (protocol number 18.340/16). All the data sampling was performed in accordance with CEUA/ FCAV-UNESP guidelines and regulations.phenotypic and genotypic data. Age at first calving (AFC) records were obtained from 185,356Nellore heifers belonging to three commercial breeding programs (DeltaGen, Paint -CRV Lagoa and Cia de Melhoramento), which are p...

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“…Limitation of energy during heifer growth is a common event for B. indicus cattle reared in range condition, especially during the dry season, and is a key factor determining the age of puberty. Samadi et al (2014) demonstrated that heifers under dietary energy restriction attained puberty later than heifers fed high-energy diets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of high energy intake on carcass composition and hypothalamic gene expression in Bos indicus heifers

et al. 2017

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-The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of high or low energy intake on carcass composition and expression of hypothalamic genes related to the onset of puberty. Twenty-four prepubertal Nellore heifers, 18-20-months-old, with 275.3±18.0 kg body weight (BW), and 4.9±0.2 (1-9 scale) body condition score (BCS) were randomly assigned to two treatments: high-energy diet (HE) and low-energy diet (LE). Heifers were housed in two collective pens and fed diets formulated to promote average daily gain of 0.4 (LE) or 1.2 kg (HE) BW/day. Eight heifers from each treatment were slaughtered after the first corpus luteum detection -considered as age of puberty. The 9-10-11th rib section was taken and prepared for carcass composition analyses. Samples from hypothalamus were collected, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at −80 °C. Specific primers for targets (NPY, NPY1R, NPY4R, SOCS3, OXT, ARRB1, and IGFPB2) and control (RPL19 and RN18S1) genes were designed for real-time PCR and then the relative quantification of target gene expression was performed. High-energy diets increased body condition score, cold carcass weight, and Longissimus lumborum muscle area and decreased age at slaughter. High-energy diets decreased the expression of NPY1R and ARRB1 at 4.4-fold and 1.5-fold, respectively. In conclusion, the hastening of puberty with high energy intake is related with greater body fatness and lesser hypothalamic expression of NPY1 receptor and of β-arrestin1, suggesting a less sensitive hypothalamus to the negative effects of NPY signaling.Key Words: cattle, energy supplementation, neuropeptides, puberty, reproduction Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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Nutrition, metabolic profiles and puberty in Brahman (Bos indicus) beef heifers

Cited by 23 publications

References 57 publications

Relationship of post-weaning growth and age at puberty in crossbred beef heifers

Relationship of post-weaning growth and age at puberty in crossbred beef heifers

Genome-wide scan highlights the role of candidate genes on phenotypic plasticity for age at first calving in Nellore heifers

Effect of high energy intake on carcass composition and hypothalamic gene expression in Bos indicus heifers

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