Nutrition in Relation to Diseases and Heat stress in Poultry

Abstract

Different diseases conditions and stress factors are responsible for high morbidity and mortality of present day poultry. Nutritional strategy and proper feed formulation with specific dietary regimen can combat this up to a certain extent. The incidence of various infectious diseases, nervous disorders and metabolic disorders can be minimized through proper feed regimen. There is a stiff competition and restrictions in the global market of poultry products which can be addressed with proper management of emerging and important diseases with economic productions and quality poultry products free of elements detrimental to human health. Researchers have made efforts to prevent such damage to poultry and poultry product through dietary manipulations. Heat stress can lead to a reduction in the defense mechanisms of birds or to a relative state of immunosuppression. The health status of the poultry is facing new challenges today which can be suitably addressed by the right scientific and advanced nutritional manoeuvres and make the poultry farming more profitable and presentable in the global market.

The Effect of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants on Performance, Egg Quality and Blood Constituents of Laying Hens Grown Under High Ambient Temperature

“…The present results are in agreement with those reported by Kirunda et al (2001), Bollengier-Lee et al (1998) and Das et al (2011), who showed that the addition of vit. E could reduce the negative impact of high ambient temperature on performance of laying hens and blood plasma parameters.…”

The correlated expression of immune and energy metabolism related genes in the response to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis inoculation in chicken

“…Various stresses may increase energy demands for immune regulation at the expense of energy reserves, and then reduce the energy available for growth and other processes [ 59 , 60 ]. Furthermore, disease and nutrition are closely interlinked [ 61 ]. The immune variations under ambient pressures may trigger energy metabolic changes in mollusks [ 59 , 62 ].…”

Effects of constant or intermittent high temperature on egg production, feed intake, and hypothalamic expression of antioxidant and pro-oxidant enzymes genes in laying ducks1

“…Daily feed intake, egg mass, and egg production in laying hens were significantly reduced by chronic heat stress (Mignon-Grasteau et al, 2015). The increased temperature decreases energy requirement and feed intake but requirements for protein, minerals, and vitamins do not decrease, therefore the biological mechanism by which heat stress impacts production performance is partly explained by reduced feed intake (Das et al, 2011). The results of the present study provide initial evidence of the biological mechanisms through which the reduced production performance is probably due to the reduced feed intake when laying ducks were exposed to high ambient temperature.…”