Nutrient retention during ecosystem succession: a revised conceptual model

Lovett, Gary M.; Goodale, Christine L.; Ollinger, Scott V.; Fuss, C. B.; Ouimette, A.; Likens, Gene E.

doi:10.1002/fee.1949

Cited by 45 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A study conducted in Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest also reported similar results, with temporarily high N leaching during initial stage of forest regeneration (Valipour et al 2018). The tree N uptake exceeded the net N mineralization when N leaching was the lowest (Figure 3(a,b)), reflecting the role of tree N uptake in controlling ecosystem N losses (Vitousek and Reiners 1975;Lovett et al 2018).…”

Section: N Cycle Processes and N Stockssupporting

confidence: 54%

“…However, on the contrary, the N leaching decreased from 3.25 to 3.05 kg N ha À1 yr À1 , following a change in N deposition from 40% to 60%. This might be due to an assumption of the FBDCAN model, that the tree N uptake occurs before N leaching (Vitousek and Reiners 1975;Lovett et al 2018). This resulted in a decrease in N leaching, even though the N deposition increased.…”

Section: Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a forest carbon and nitrogen model: Pilot application for a Pinus densiflora forest in Central Korea

Kim

Lee

et al. 2019

Forest Science and Technology

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This study aimed to develop a forest carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) model, known as the Forest Biomass and Dead organic matter Carbon And Nitrogen (FBDCAN), which can be useful under limited input data availability. An N module was designated with three N pools (biomass, dead organic matter, and soil inorganic N) and ten N cycle processes (N deposition, biological N fixation, N mineralization, immobilization, root N uptake, retranslocation, nitrification, N leaching, denitrification, and turnover), and then integrated into an existing forest C model. A pilot application was carried out for a Pinus densiflora forest in Gwangneung Experimental Forests (PGEF), to verify the performance and reliability of the model. The simulated net N mineralization in 2010 (69.91 kg N ha À1 yr À1 ) was within the observed range in PGEF. Furthermore, the simulated N stock (3.91 Mg N ha À1 ) based on the FBDCAN model was consistent with the observed N stock (4.13 Mg N ha À1 ) in PGEF (r 2 ¼ 0.96 to 0.99). The newly developed forest C and N model could be used for the estimation of N cycle processes, N stock, and C stock, even in regions where the input data availability is low. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: N Cycle Processes and N Stockssupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a forest carbon and nitrogen model: Pilot application for a Pinus densiflora forest in Central Korea

Kim

Lee

et al. 2019

Forest Science and Technology

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“…At Cary Institute for Ecosystem Studies in the Catskills Mountains, NY (abbreviated NY1), 100 kg N ha −1 year −1 was applied to treatment plots from 1996 to 1999, and then 50 kg N ha −1 year −1 was applied from 2000 to 2006, as granular NH 4 NO 3 four times per year (Lovett & Goodale, 2011). We anticipated the effects of fertilizer treatments at NY1 would be detectable in our samples because, although treatments ceased in 2006, fertilizer N applied in hardwood forests can be retained in soil for decades (Lovett & Goodale, 2011; Lovett et al., 2018). At the Soil Warming × Nitrogen Addition Study at the Harvard Forest Long Term Ecological Research site (MA), fertilization treatments began in 2006 and are ongoing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal community structure and function shifts with atmospheric nitrogen deposition

Moore

Anthony

Pec

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

108

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Fungal decomposition of soil organic matter depends on soil nitrogen (N) availability. This ecosystem process is being jeopardized by changes in N inputs that have resulted from a tripling of atmospheric N deposition in the last century. Soil fungi are impacted by atmospheric N deposition due to higher N availability, as soils are acidified, or as micronutrients become increasingly limiting. Fungal communities that persist with chronic N deposition may be enriched with traits that enable them to tolerate environmental stress, which may trade‐off with traits enabling organic matter decomposition. We hypothesized that fungal communities would respond to N deposition by shifting community composition and functional gene abundances toward those that tolerate stress but are weak decomposers. We sampled soils at seven eastern US hardwood forests where ambient N deposition varied from 3.2 to 12.6 kg N ha−1 year−1, five of which also have experimental plots where atmospheric N deposition was simulated through fertilizer application treatments (25–50 kg N ha−1 year−1). Fungal community and functional responses to fertilizer varied across the ambient N deposition gradient. Fungal biomass and richness increased with simulated N deposition at sites with low ambient deposition and decreased at sites with high ambient deposition. Fungal functional genes involved in hydrolysis of organic matter increased with ambient N deposition while genes involved in oxidation of organic matter decreased. One of four genes involved in generalized abiotic stress tolerance increased with ambient N deposition. In summary, we found that the divergent response to simulated N deposition depended on ambient N deposition levels. Fungal biomass, richness, and oxidative enzyme potential were reduced by N deposition where ambient N deposition was high suggesting fungal communities were pushed beyond an environmental stress threshold. Fungal community structure and function responses to N enrichment depended on ambient N deposition at a regional scale.

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“…This approach has been widely used to assess terrestrial elemental balance in non-permafrost ecosystems, generating fundamental insights into ecosystem succession and other processes over time (Fisher et al, 1998;Lovett et al, 2018;McClelland et al, 2007;Vitousek & Reiners, 1975). In high-latitude locations, this approach has been limited to a small number of watersheds (Kling & Kipphut, 2000;Malone et al, 2018;Metcalfe et al, 2018;Parham et al, 2013;Temnerud & Bishop, 2005), largely due to logistical limitations (but see Shogren et al, 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tundra wildfire triggers sustained lateral nutrient loss in Alaskan Arctic

Abbott

Rocha

Shogren

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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Climate change is creating widespread ecosystem disturbance across the permafrost zone, including a rapid increase in the extent and severity of tundra wildfire. The expansion of this previously rare disturbance has unknown consequences for lateral nutrient flux from terrestrial to aquatic environments. Lateral loss of nutrients could reduce carbon uptake and slow recovery of already nutrient‐limited tundra ecosystems. To investigate the effects of tundra wildfire on lateral nutrient export, we analyzed water chemistry in and around the 10‐year‐old Anaktuvuk River fire scar in northern Alaska. We collected water samples from 21 burned and 21 unburned watersheds during snowmelt, at peak growing season, and after plant senescence in 2017 and 2018. After a decade of ecosystem recovery, aboveground biomass had recovered in burned watersheds, but overall carbon and nitrogen remained ~20% lower, and the active layer remained ~10% deeper. Despite lower organic matter stocks, dissolved organic nutrients were substantially elevated in burned watersheds, with higher flow‐weighted concentrations of organic carbon (25% higher), organic nitrogen (59% higher), organic phosphorus (65% higher), and organic sulfur (47% higher). Geochemical proxies indicated greater interaction with mineral soils in watersheds with surface subsidence, but optical analysis and isotopes suggested that recent plant growth, not mineral soil, was the main source of organic nutrients in burned watersheds. Burned and unburned watersheds had similar δ15N‐NO3−, indicating that exported nitrogen was of preburn origin (i.e., not recently fixed). Lateral nitrogen flux from burned watersheds was 2‐ to 10‐fold higher than rates of background nitrogen fixation and atmospheric deposition estimated in this area. These findings indicate that wildfire in Arctic tundra can destabilize nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur previously stored in permafrost via plant uptake and leaching. This plant‐mediated nutrient loss could exacerbate terrestrial nutrient limitation after disturbance or serve as an important nutrient release mechanism during succession.

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Nutrient retention during ecosystem succession: a revised conceptual model

Cited by 45 publications

References 47 publications

Development of a forest carbon and nitrogen model: Pilot application for a Pinus densiflora forest in Central Korea

Development of a forest carbon and nitrogen model: Pilot application for a Pinus densiflora forest in Central Korea

Fungal community structure and function shifts with atmospheric nitrogen deposition

Tundra wildfire triggers sustained lateral nutrient loss in Alaskan Arctic

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