Nutrient requirements of marine food fish cultured in Southeast Asia

Response of the Asian Sea Bass Lates calcarifer Fingerlings to Different Feeding Rates and Feeding Frequencies Reared in Hyper Saline Condition

“…Optimal growth, good feed conversion, and high survival rate, were observed in satiation feeding with one feeding every two days. Tucker, et al as cited by Boonyaratpalin (1997) using the Asian sea bass of 74 to 150 g size found out that feed conversion was significantly lower or better with one meal per day.…”

“…Hashim et al, (1994) using catfish also found that the final average weight of groups fed 4 times daily was significantly higher than two times daily feeding. In Asian sea bass, Boonyaratpalin (1997) and Alava (2002) recommended a feeding frequency of 3X daily using juveniles of the same species but in normal seawater salinities indicating that this frequency is the optimum for the species. According to Pillay (1990) feeding frequency decreases from about 8 X daily for fry weighing less than 1.5 g to 4 times a day for advanced fry.…”

“…In Asian sea bass nursery, rapidly growing fry of about 0.25 g generally require as much as 10% of their weight daily, but as they grow and reach to about 4 g the ration can be reduced to 5% (Pillay, 1990). Boonyaratpalin (1997) prepared a feeding table to include feeding rate for small sea bass in which feeding ration ranged from 3.50 to 7.18%.…”

Effect of dietary amino acid composition from proteins alternative to fishmeal on the growth of juveniles of the common snook, Centropomus undecimalis

“…Compared with other emerging farm-raised warmwater marine fish, such as the Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer; Boonyaratpalin, 1997;Glencross, 2006), and cobia (Rachycentron canadum; Salze et al, 2010), limited information is available on feeding and nutrition of the common snook. Attempts to raise the species in captivity have relied on diets of fresh food (Tucker, 1987;Zarza-Meza et al, 2006a,b) or on feeds formulated for carnivorous freshwater fish (Gracia-López et al, 2003) or for other warm-water marine species (Soligo et al, 2011).…”

Growth of rare minnows (Gobiocypris rarus) fed different amounts of dietary protein and lipids

“…Excesses of dietary lipids can also negatively affect fish health by causing fat deposition, decreased immune resistance and problems processing and storing nutrients [24][25][26] . Multiple studies have evaluated the protein and lipid requirements of many fish species, but these generally focus on maximizing economic yield at the lowest cost for economically important species 27,28 . In a laboratory setting, investigators are not always concerned with maximizing yield, but instead with maximizing the overall health of the animals.…”