Nutrient limitation of cyanobacterial blooms: an enclosure experiment from the coastal zone of the NW Baltic proper

Rydin, Emil; Hyenstrand, Per; Gunnerhed, Malin; Blomqvist, Peter

doi:10.3354/meps239031

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, the total biomass and competitive ability of N 2 -fixing, bloom-forming cyanobacteria was lower with excess nitrogen addition, with the notable exception of Aphanizomenon sp. This fits the general paradigm that low N:P supply ratio favours diazotrophic cyanobacteria, which can satisfy their need for nitrogen with gaseous N 2 (Larsson et al 2001, Rydin et al 2002, Ferber et al 2004.…”

Section: Nitrogen Fixation In the Balance Of Mesocosmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a smaller-scale mesocosm experiment (0.3 m 3 units; N, P and Fe addition) with a natural plankton community in a semi-enclosed bay of the western Baltic Sea, Rydin et al (2002) observed a pronounced N 2 -fixing cyanobacterial bloom (Aphanizomenon sp. and Anabaena sp.)…”

Section: The Effect Of Scales On Observed Cyanobacterial Limitation Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consensus prevails that the N 2 -fixing cyanobacteria are favoured by the high or elevated P levels and the low inorganic N:P ratios (Kahru et al 2000, Rydin et al 2002, usually well below the Redfield value, as found in the Baltic proper and the GOF in July and August (Granéli et al 1990). The fact that the most conspicuous Baltic cyanobacterial blooms occur offshore and only for a limited period of the growth season (Kahru et al 1994, Larsson et al 2001 complicates management decisions on land-borne nutrient sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Species-specific responses of a cyanobacteriadominated phytoplankton community to artificial nutrient limitation in the Baltic Sea

Kangro¹,

Olli²,

Tamminen³

et al. 2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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In a 3 wk Baltic Sea coastal experiment artificial N and P limitation were studied in 9 mesocosms, 51 m 3 each, filled with a natural summer plankton community. The initial situation (molar dissolved N:P ratio of 0.9; zooplankton to phytoplankton biomass ratio of 2.8) was boosted with 5 daily N and P additions in Redfield ratio, to increase algal biomass and demand for nutrients. Thereafter, either N or P limitation was induced by cutting one element, while supplying the other. Discontinuing N supply resulted in lower phytoplankton biomass (as chlorophyll a and wet weight), but more bloom-forming, N 2 -fixing filamentous cyanobacteria. Stable C:N and N:P ratios of organic particles and the increase of total nitrogen indicated an average N 2 -fixation rate of 3.3 to 7.4 mmol N m -2 d -1 , which by the end of the experiment equalised the total N in the mesocosms with and without N addition. Discontinuing P supply resulted in higher algal biomass, and the particulate organic matter with increasing molar C:P (from 90 to 300) and N:P ratios (from 16 to 50) suggested bulk level P shortage. The biomass response distinguished 3 groups of phytoplankton, each containing filamentous cyanobacterial species that are considered: (1) nitrogen limited, e.g. chlorophytes, non-heterocystous filamentous cyanobacteria Pseudanabaena spp. and colonial cyanobacteria (e.g. Snowella sp., Cyanodictyon sp.); (2) phosphorus limited, e.g. the N 2 -fixers Anabaena spp. and Nodularia spumigena; and (3) indifferent species, e.g. the N 2 -fixer Aphanizomenon sp. and heterotrophic and opportunistic flagellates. Aphanizomenon sp. -the dominant species in the experiment -increased equally in all mesocosms at the expense of fixed N and internal P reserves. Our results highlight the diverse nutritional and growth strategies of the bloom-forming cyanobacteria and suggest that eutrophication management decisions in the Baltic Sea should inevitably consider simultaneous reduction of both N and P.

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Section: Nitrogen Fixation In the Balance Of Mesocosmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Effect Of Scales On Observed Cyanobacterial Limitation Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Species-specific responses of a cyanobacteriadominated phytoplankton community to artificial nutrient limitation in the Baltic Sea

Kangro¹,

Olli²,

Tamminen³

et al. 2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…There are numerous publications about nitrogen fixation (Hübel & Hübel 1980, Leppänen et al 1988, Stal et al 1999, Ohlendieck et al 2000, Stal & Walsby 2000, Wasmund et al 2001) and about nutrient conditions promoting the development of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria (Niemi 1979, Smith 1983, Groenlund et al 1996, Pollinger et al 1998, Levings & Schindler 1999, Berman 2001, Kononen 2001. In general, a low N:P ratio of dissolved inorganic nutrients is the major prerequisite, as has been demonstrated both by fertilization (Schindler 1977, Yusoff & McNabb 1997, Rydin et al 2002 and elimination experiments (Perakis et al 1996, Holz & Hoagland 1999, but other factors, such as the temperature, wind and light conditions, and the mixed layer depth, have to be suitable. There is also evidence that phosphate can regulate the mechanism of nitrogen fixation itself (Wallström 1988, Wu et al 2000, Sanudo-Wilhelmy et al 2001.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus dynamics during the transition from nitrogen to phosphate limitation in the central Baltic Sea

Nausch¹,

Nausch²,

Wasmund³

2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Phosphate uptake rate, alkaline phosphatase activity (APA), nucleotidase activity (ATP-NA), and nutrient pool sizes were investigated in the eastern Gotland Basin from May until September 2001 to describe the phosphorus dynamics during this period, which is characterized by the transition from nitrogen to phosphate limitation and the development of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. Phosphate concentrations declined from 0.1 µM in May to 0.01 µM in June. However, the decrease in phosphate was not reflected in increasing organic phosphorus pools. Its concentrations remained at a relatively constant level of 0.4 µM. Development of plankton biomass in July was based on the intracellular phosphorus pool. The [ 33 P]PO 4 uptake rate and hydrolytic activities increased from very low levels in May to a maximum in July, decreasing in the following months. The development of these activities was associated with the development of heterocystous cyanobacteria. However, size fractionation showed that the [ 33 P]PO 4 uptake in the fraction >10 µm accounted for only a small portion of the total [ 33 P]PO 4 uptake rate, but for 41% of APA. Due to elevated total phosphorus concentrations of 1.0 and 0.8 µM in the buoyant surface blooms, phosphorus dynamics were different compared to situations when cyanobacteria were dispersed in the euphotic zone. Depending on the parameter used, a different length of the period of phosphate limitation can be estimated. Based on [ 33 P]PO 4 uptake rates and hydrolytic activities, phosphate limitation was restricted to 2 to 4 wk in July. This period is shorter than that indicated by phosphate deficiency and C:P ratios.

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“…The influence of Chaetomorpha growth on water quality parameters Previous researches have reported that water pH increased significantly as a result of intensive photosynthesis of primary producers and the release of OH 2 during the assimilation of nitrate (Seitzinger 1991;Rydin et al 2002;Xie et al 2003). Niemistö et al (2011) made a comparison between the day and night experiments, and found that water pH also can stay at a high level at night during strong phytoplankton blooms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of outbreak of macroalgal blooms on phosphorus release from the sediments in Swan Lake Wetland, China

Gao

Wei

et al. 2013

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

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Macroalgal blooms have occurred worldwide frequently in coastal areas in recent decades, which dramatically modify phosphorus (P) cycle in water column and the sediments. Rongcheng Swan Lake Wetland, a coastal wetland in China, is suffering from extensive macroalgal blooms. In order to verify the influence of macroalgal growth on sediment P release, the sediments and filamentous Chaetomorpha spp. were incubated in the laboratory to investigate the changes of water quality parameters, P levels in overlying water, and sediments during the growth period. In addition, algal biomass and tissue P concentration were determined. In general, Chaetomorpha biomasses were much higher in high P treatments than in low P treatments. Compared with algae þ low P water treatment, the addition of sediments increased the algal growth rate and P accumulation amount. During the algal growth, water pH increased greatly, which showed significant correlation with algal biomass in treatments with high P (P , 0.05). P fractions in the sediments showed that Fe/Al -P and organic P concentrations declined during the algal growth, and great changes were observed in algae þ low P water þ sediment treatment for both. As a whole, the sediments can supply P for Chaetomorpha growth when water P level was low, and the probable mechanism was the release of Fe/Al -P at high pH condition induced by intensive Chaetomorpha blooms.

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Nutrient limitation of cyanobacterial blooms: an enclosure experiment from the coastal zone of the NW Baltic proper

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Species-specific responses of a cyanobacteriadominated phytoplankton community to artificial nutrient limitation in the Baltic Sea

Species-specific responses of a cyanobacteriadominated phytoplankton community to artificial nutrient limitation in the Baltic Sea

Phosphorus dynamics during the transition from nitrogen to phosphate limitation in the central Baltic Sea

Influence of outbreak of macroalgal blooms on phosphorus release from the sediments in Swan Lake Wetland, China

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