Nutrient Intakes and Energy Expenditure in Men of Different Ages

McGandy, Robert B.; Barrows, Charles H.; Spanias, Alexandria; Meredith, Alia; Stone, Jane Livermore; Norris, Arthur H.

doi:10.1093/geronj/21.4.581

Cited by 263 publications

(77 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, it may not be possible to apply conclusions from rodent studies to humans when it comes to aging and energy metabolism. In humans, earlier observations of a decline in RMR with age were later supported by reports of lower RMR in older individuals when compared to younger individuals even after adjusting for FFM (45)(46)(47)(48). Others have reported that the decline in RMR may be due to the decline in cell mass only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Aging, Resting Metabolic Rate, and Oxidative Damage: Results From the Louisiana Healthy Aging Study

Frisard

Broussard²,

Davies³

et al. 2007

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and M

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Aging, Resting Metabolic Rate, and Oxidative Damage: Results From the Louisiana Healthy Aging Study

Frisard

Broussard²,

Davies³

et al. 2007

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and M

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“…There is evidence linking nutritional status to dentition (McGandy et al 1966;Department of Health, 1979a;Geissler & Bates, 1984), but a causal relationship is yet to be established in randomized controlled intervention trials. There are some documented gastrointestinal changes in the elderly which could affect their food intake; for example, changes in peristaltic activity of the oesophagus which may result in delay of oesophageal emptying (Heber & Bray, 1980).…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reasons for this include paucity and variability of data on energy intake and requirements and, most important of all, diversity of physical activity patterns in the elderly population. In a series of studies, elderly subjects from the USA (McGandy et al 1966;Uauy et al 1978a) consumed on average more energy than subjects in European studies (Durnin, 1961;Bunker & Clayton, 1989;Loenen et al 1990); however, the USA trials included less people compared with the European studies. The Department of Health and Social Security (1979a) longitudinal study which examined energy intake in 365 elderly people in 1967-8 and 5 years later found that the average energy intake had fallen from 9320 to 8970 kJ (2235 to 2151 kcal)/d for men and from 7135 to 6822 kJ (1711 to 1636 kcal)/d for women.…”

Section: Energy Requirementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition, ageing and ill health

1998

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There are physical, mental, social and environmental changes which take place with ageing; for example, decreased physical activity, increase in body fat, decrease in lean body mass and consequently decreased energy intake may be associated with physiological functions that affect metabolism, nutrient intake, physical activity and risk of disease. There are now many studies which have found that undernutrition is prevalent and often unrecognized in patients admitted to hospitals and institutions. There is also evidence which links protein-energy undernutrition or its markers with clinical outcomes in acute and non-acute hospital settings and that nutritional supplements can improve outcomes in some of these settings. However, most clinically-available nutrition screening instruments lack sensitivity and specificity, and abnormal nutritional indicators may simply reflect effects of age, functional disability, or severe underlying disease. Thus, causal relationship cannot be assumed without a sufficiently powerful intervention study which adequately adjusts for the effects of non-nutritional factors, such as the number and severity of co-morbid conditions on clinical outcome.

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“…Older individuals have often been characterized by lower REE (10,37,46,48,49). The age-related decline in REE is also associated with increased body weight and fatness, decreased physical activity (37,48,49), decreased energy intake (30), and decreased lean body mass (35,36). In the context of proposed functions of UCP3, the age-related decline in REE may, in part, be a function of a concomitant reduction in UCP3-mediated uncoupling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic and anthropometric factors related to skeletal muscle UCP3 gene expression in healthy human adults

Calsbeek

Thompson²,

Dahl³

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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This cross-sectional investigation sought to determine the relationship between selected metabolic, endocrine, and anthropometric factors and skeletal muscle UCP3 mRNA in healthy adult humans. Twenty-four healthy adults (13 male and 11 female) across a range of aerobic capacity, age, and body composition were studied. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis, from which UCP3 mRNA was quantified by Northern blot, and fiber type was determined by use of the myosin ATPase staining procedure. In addition, resting energy expenditure and maximum rate of oxygen consumption were determined by indirect calorimetry, body composition was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and fasting plasma leptin and insulin were determined by ELISA. UCP3 mRNA was correlated positively with the percent type I fibers (r ϭ 0.842, P Ͻ 0.001), plasma leptin (r ϭ 0.454, P ϭ 0.026), and plasma insulin (r ϭ 0.615, P Ͻ 0.001) and inversely to age (r ϭ Ϫ0.411, P ϭ 0.046). Stepwise multiple regression analysis determined that percent type I muscle fibers was the best predictor of vastus lateralis UCP3 mRNA, and no other variable entered the equation (model r 2 ϭ 0.66). This study suggests that of the variables measured, UCP3 mRNA is primarily related to skeletal muscle fiber type in healthy adults. The factors that contribute to fiber-specific differences in UCP3 mRNA expression will need to be examined in future studies. uncoupling proteins; leptin; metabolic rate THE FACTOR(S) THAT CONTRIBUTE to the interindividual variability in resting metabolic rate have been the subject of intense research interest (38,44,54). The recent cloning of novel uncoupling protein isoforms (UCP2 and UCP3) has stimulated interest in potential molecular mediators of the variability in metabolic rate and susceptibility to obesity (8,13,15). The canonical UCP isoform (UCP1) is well accepted to act as an uncoupler of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation in brown adipose tissue (BAT), resulting in the regulated production of heat (11,25). In contrast, there is considerable debate about whether the novel UCPs are truly uncouplers in vivo, and the specific physiological role of UCP2 and UCP3 in skeletal muscle remains to be elucidated (33). There is evidence indicating that UCP2 and UCP3 function similarly to UCP1 in dissipating the proton gradient of the inner mitochondrial membrane during oxidative respiration (8,13,15,17). It is intuitive then to investigate the relationship between the expression of these novel proteins and other variables known to be associated with metabolism.Studies aimed at understanding the regulation of UCP3 gene expression have demonstrated tissue-specific responses to perturbations designed or "hypothesized" to alter UCP3 gene regulation. The expression and regulation of UCP3 in skeletal muscle are of considerable interest because of the large mass of this organ and its well-documented contribution to both basal metabolism (40) and basal proton leak (39). UCP2 is speculated to function similarly to UCP3; ho...

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Nutrient Intakes and Energy Expenditure in Men of Different Ages

Cited by 263 publications

References 0 publications

Aging, Resting Metabolic Rate, and Oxidative Damage: Results From the Louisiana Healthy Aging Study

Aging, Resting Metabolic Rate, and Oxidative Damage: Results From the Louisiana Healthy Aging Study

Nutrition, ageing and ill health

Metabolic and anthropometric factors related to skeletal muscle UCP3 gene expression in healthy human adults

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