Nutrient Environments Influence Competition among Aspergillus flavus Genotypes

Mehl, H. L.; Cotty, Peter J.

doi:10.1128/aem.02970-12

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…The exclusion could be due to the initial acquisition of nutrients or tissue space by the biocontrol strain, or something unknown that the fungus requires for survival in a particular situation (Mehl and Cotty, 2011, 2013). Since spore concentrations for inocula in our competitive study were approximately the same, faster growth, and a more robust propagation of AF36 effectively excludes the aflatoxin producing strain and consequently decreases measurable aflatoxin levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-inoculation of aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus to study fungal invasion, colonization, and competition in maize kernels

et al. 2014

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A currently utilized pre-harvest biocontrol method involves field inoculations with non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains, a tactic shown to strategically suppress native aflatoxin-producing strains and effectively decrease aflatoxin contamination in corn. The present in situ study focuses on tracking the invasion and colonization of an aflatoxigenic A. flavus strain (AF70), labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP), in the presence of a non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus biocontrol strain (AF36), to better understand the competitive interaction between these two strains in seed tissue of corn (Zea mays). Corn kernels that had been co-inoculated with GFP-labeled AF70 and wild-type AF36 were cross-sectioned and observed under UV and blue light to determine the outcome of competition between these strains. After imaging, all kernels were analyzed for aflatoxin levels. There appeared to be a population difference between the co-inoculated AF70-GFP+AF36 and the individual AF70-GFP tests, both visually and with pixel count analysis. The GFP allowed us to observe that AF70-GFP inside the kernels was suppressed up to 82% when co-inoculated with AF36 indicating that AF36 inhibited progression of AF70-GFP. This was in agreement with images taken of whole kernels where AF36 exhibited a more robust external growth compared to AF70-GFP. The suppressed growth of AF70-GFP was reflected in a corresponding (upto 73%) suppression in aflatoxin levels. Our results indicate that the decrease in aflatoxin production correlated with population depression of the aflatoxigenic fungus by the biocontrol strain supporting the theory of competitive exclusion through robust propagation and fast colonization by the non-aflatoxigenic fungus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-inoculation of aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus to study fungal invasion, colonization, and competition in maize kernels

et al. 2014

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“…Fungal detection is almost the same as that of bacteria—they require their own special staining, media and biochemical reactions [154,155,156,157,158]. Fungal cultures are also time consuming and laborious [159].…”

Section: Dep Applications In Biomedical Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectrophoresis for Biomedical Sciences Applications: A Review

Rahman

Ibrahim

Yafouz

2017

Sensors

170

155

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Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a label-free, accurate, fast, low-cost diagnostic technique that uses the principles of polarization and the motion of bioparticles in applied electric fields. This technique has been proven to be beneficial in various fields, including environmental research, polymer research, biosensors, microfluidics, medicine and diagnostics. Biomedical science research is one of the major research areas that could potentially benefit from DEP technology for diverse applications. Nevertheless, many medical science research investigations have yet to benefit from the possibilities offered by DEP. This paper critically reviews the fundamentals, recent progress, current challenges, future directions and potential applications of research investigations in the medical sciences utilizing DEP technique. This review will also act as a guide and reference for medical researchers and scientists to explore and utilize the DEP technique in their research fields.

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“…After trimming/debriding the lesion, the remaining lesion cells multiply more rapidly, produce abundant secreted proteins of Aspsy, which disperse into the systemic circulation and lead to arthritis and dermatitis. Fungi are ecological species that modify their phenotypes and genotypes in adapting environmental and nutritional conditions [16,17], which might lead to changes in its secreted proteins according to the locations or the depth into deeper tissues of the human body. It could be conceivable if such infection of Aspergillus progressing from skin epithelium to under dermis tissue, blood vessels, muscles, and bones would cause hosts' remote tissue damages accordingly as the diseases progress.…”

Section: Disussion and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Season, Weather, Arthritis, Dermatitis, and Cardiovascular Abnormalities – Systemic Diseases Caused by Foot Fungal Infection and Its Secreted Proteins, Case Report

Zhu¹

2020

Preprint

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Background The cause of many rheumatic diseases is still unknown. Some Infections might play a role, but the causative evidence is far from definitive. In this arthritic case, an association between a chronic foot fungal infection with Aspergillus sydowii (Aspsy) and arthritis was initially suggested when the treatment of foot hyperkeratosis-like lesions (Xiangya lesions) provoked multiple joints arthritis symptoms. In order to find the association of fungal infection and arthritis, data from scrupulous observations of plantar lesions, arthritic symptoms, and weather features in events of the fungal infection relapses, foot lesion manipulation, or subcutaneous injection of fungal secreted proteins were gathered and analyzed in three years. Case presentation Of the patient, relapses of the fungal infections on Xiangya lesions often occurred after rainy and humid days in winter and spring. Significant relapses of the infection aggravated the symptoms of arthritis within a few days, and the symptoms gradually improved in 2-3 weeks after the remission of fungal infection by topical antifungal treatment. Also, repeated trimming/debriding Xiangya lesion or subcutaneous injection of fungal secreted proteins also induced the arthritis symptoms similar to those of foot fungal infections. Arthritis Dermatitis, bradycardia, hypertension, and elevated blood monocytes were concurrent abnormalities. Topical methotrexate on the fresh trimmed plantar lesions was able to prevent and relieve arthritis. Conclusions Active fungal infections on plantar Xiangya lesions were associated with cold and humid weather in winter-spring or partial lesion debridement. The active fungal infections induced and exacerbated arthritis, dermatitis, and cardiovascular abnormalities. Fungal secreted proteins may mediate the fungal pathogenicity. Effective treatments of the fungal infection improved arthritis and dermatitis. These pathological characteristics have not been described before and could be a new disease, or one of the unknown pathogenic mechanisms for some known rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. The results of this research may provide an insight into a novel pathogenic mechanism for some chronic arthritis and may shed light on further clinical studies on the pathogenesis and environmental factors of some rheumatic diseases. Keywords: Arthritis of fungal protein, Aspergillus skin infection, rheumatic diseases pathogenesis, methotrexate, case report

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Nutrient Environments Influence Competition among Aspergillus flavus Genotypes

Cited by 25 publications

References 68 publications

Co-inoculation of aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus to study fungal invasion, colonization, and competition in maize kernels

Co-inoculation of aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus to study fungal invasion, colonization, and competition in maize kernels

Dielectrophoresis for Biomedical Sciences Applications: A Review

Season, Weather, Arthritis, Dermatitis, and Cardiovascular Abnormalities – Systemic Diseases Caused by Foot Fungal Infection and Its Secreted Proteins, Case Report

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