Nutrient distribution in a jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Sm.) ecosystem in south-west Western Australia

Hingston, F. J.; Dimmock, G. M.; Turton, A. G.

doi:10.1016/0378-1127(80)90015-8

Cited by 101 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In the present work, values for g of 0.35, 0.25 and 0.20 (Tall Forests, Open Woodlands and Arid Shrublands, respectively) were used as equality constraints (Table 1) in runs 1c, 2a and 2b. These values are reasonable given that CWD in Brigalow woodlands in Queensland was 25% of aboveground biomass [Moore et al, 1967] and was 48% of aboveground biomass in tall forests of southwest Western Australia [Hingston et al, 1980[Hingston et al, /1981.…”

Section: A35 Coarse Woody Debris (Cwd)supporting

confidence: 58%

Steady state turnover time of carbon in the Australian terrestrial biosphere

Barrett¹

2002

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

119

127

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[1] The turnover time of terrestrial carbon was estimated using a multiobjective parameterization method that combined data sets of plant production, biomass, litter and soil-C observations in the calibration of a C-cycle model for the Australian continent (VAST1.1; Vegetation and Soil carbon Transfer). The method employed a genetic algorithm to minimize model-data deviations and maximize consistency between estimated model parameters and all available data. Based on the parameterization, the turnover time of biosphere C for Australia was estimated to be 78 years which is longer than global C-turnover estimates (of 26-60 years) due entirely to slower turnover of C in the upper 20 cm of soil. Turnover times of litter and deeper soil-C were similar to global values. By splitting total C in the upper 20 cm between labile and nonlabile fractions (based on published data) the turnover time of the labile pool was at least 44 years which is still longer than global estimates (9-25 years). Longer C-turnover in Australian surface soils was attributed to (1) limited soil moisture slowing decomposition more than net primary production, (2) frequent fires leading to a large fraction of nonlabile charcoal C in soil, and (3) strong adsorbing capacity for organic-C in these highly weathered soils. It was found that >89% of the C flux to the atmosphere from decomposition of organic matter originated from fine litter, coarse woody debris and the upper 20 cm of soil in all biomes.

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Section: A35 Coarse Woody Debris (Cwd)supporting

confidence: 58%

Steady state turnover time of carbon in the Australian terrestrial biosphere

Barrett¹

2002

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

119

127

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“…Other authors have reported increases in nutrient levels in remnants in agricultural areas (Muir 1979;Scougall et al 1993) especially phosphorus from fertiliser drift and nitrogen from livestock excreta. That there was no significant correlation between sites and nutrient levels may have been due to the small number of samples taken from each site as soil nutrient levels in the jarrah forest tend to vary spatially, especially nitrogen which can vary with the distribution of leguminous plants (Hingston et al 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Grazing in remnant woodland vegetation: changes in species composition and life form groups

Pettit

Froend

Ladd

1995

J Vegetation Science

146

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Abstract. Grazing by domestic livestock in native woodlands can have major effects on ecosystem functioning by the removal of plant species that form important functional groups. This paper documents the changes in floristics in a large group of remnants of native woodland left after agricultural clearing in southwestern Australia. Species richness and diversity were significantly reduced in remnants and the proportion of exotic species increased. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) was used to identify floristic and environmental patterns among plots and identified two distinct groups based on grazing intensity. This indicated that the significance of the relationship between grazing effects and DCA floristic axes was greater than edaphic characteristics that normally influence floristic patterns. Floristic characteristics of sites that were influencing the position of plots on the ordination diagram included proportion of exotic species and proportion of native perennial shrubs and herbs. Numbers of species of native shrubs and perennial herbs were significantly reduced in grazed plots and numbers of exotic annual grasses and herbs were significantly higher. Other life form groups such as native perennial grasses and geophytes were not significantly affected by grazing. Reproductive strategies of perennial species showed a significant decrease in numbers of resprouters and a significant increase in numbers of facultative seeder/ sprouters. Exclosure plots showed increases in number and cover of perennial shrubs and herbs after three years whereas number and cover of exotic species did not change. Time series DCA showed that the floristic composition of exclosure plots in grazed sites became closer to that of the ungrazed sites.

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“…To estimate biomass from our planar transect and tree survey data, we followed standard approaches of first estimating volume per hectare (Brown 1974;Harmon and Sexton 1996) using published allometric equations (Hingston et al 1980), followed by application of published wood densities The aboveground biomass for each living E. marginata and C. calophylla stem was estimated using DBH measurements and previously published allometric equations (Hingston et al 1980); E. marginata: ln(DW) = -3.680 + 2.84 × ln(DBH), C. calophylla: ln(DW) = -3.370 + 2.74 × ln(DBH), where DW is dry weight (kg) and DBH is diameter at breast height (cm). For records with unknown species (i.e.…”

Section: Fuel Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How drought-induced forest die-off alters microclimate and increases fuel loadings and fire potentials

Ruthrof

Fontaine

Matusick

et al. 2016

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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Forest die-offs associated with drought and heat have recently occurred across the globe, raising concern that associated changes in fuels and microclimate could link initial die-off disturbance to subsequent fire disturbance. Despite widespread concern, little empirical data exist. Following forest die-off in the Northern Jarrah Forest, south-western Australia, we quantified fuel dynamics and associated microclimate for die-off and control plots. Sixteen months post die-off, die-off plots had significantly increased 1-h fuels (11.8 vs 9.8 tonnes ha -1 ) but not larger fuel classes (10-h and 100-h fuels). Owing to stem mortality, die-off plots had significantly greater standing dead wood mass (100 vs 10 tonnes ha -1 ), visible sky (hemispherical images analysis: 31 vs 23%) and potential near-ground solar radiation input (measured as Direct Site Factor: 0.52 vs 0.34). Supplemental mid-summer microclimate measurements (temperature, relative humidity and wind speed) were combined with long-term climatic data and fuel load estimates to parameterise fire behaviour models. Fire spread rates were predicted to be 30% greater in die-off plots with relatively equal contributions from fuels and microclimate, highlighting need for operational consideration by fire managers. Our results underscore potential for drought-induced tree die-off to interact with subsequent fire under climate change.

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Nutrient distribution in a jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Sm.) ecosystem in south-west Western Australia

Cited by 101 publications

References 21 publications

Steady state turnover time of carbon in the Australian terrestrial biosphere

Steady state turnover time of carbon in the Australian terrestrial biosphere

Grazing in remnant woodland vegetation: changes in species composition and life form groups

How drought-induced forest die-off alters microclimate and increases fuel loadings and fire potentials

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