Nutrient cycles involving phosphorus and potassium on livestock farms in Northern Ireland

Adams, S. N.; McAllister, Jack

doi:10.1017/s0021859600062171

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The object of phosphate and potash manuring is to maintain soil phosphorus and potassium reserves at adequate and constant levels, and the concept of nutrient balance has been used in an attempt to integrate organic manures into fertilizer programmes (Adams & McAllister, 1975). Balances for phosphorus and potassium were calculated from this experiment by comparing the amounts applied in fertilizer or slurry with those removed in the herbage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some long-term effects of slurry on grassland

Christie¹

1987

J. Agric. Sci.

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A field experiment is described in which three rates of pig and cow slurry were applied to a ryegrass sward over a period of 16 years. The experiment included control plots and plots receiving fertilizer supplying 200 kg N, 32 kg P and 160 kg K/ha per year.The slurry nutrient concentrations were similar to published values. Pig slurry was more variable than cow slurry and both varied significantly from year to year. Slurry was applied at 50, 100 or 200 m 3 /ha per year, with each rate divided into three equal applications.Even the highest slurry application rate did not depress herbage yield, which showed a typical response curve to the amount of soluble nitrogen applied. The ammoniumnitrogen content of slurry (61 % on average) gave an adequate measure of its effect on herbage yield when it was applied three times per year in spring and summer.Recovery of phosphorus in the herbage averaged 30% from pig slurry, 40% from cow slurry and 66% from-fertilizer. Pig slurry supplied more phosphorus than did cow slurry, and herbage phosphorus content was significantly correlated with the amount applied. Much of the slurry phosphorus may have been organically bound and not available to plants in the short term.Recovery of potassium from pig slurry and fertilizer was nearly 90% and from cow slurry about 70%. Cow slurry supplied potassium in excess of crop requirements so that it accumulated in the soil under the largest dressing. Soil phosphorus reserves declined under the smallest dressing of cow slurry but were maintained at higher application rates. The pig slurry produced a marked accumulation of phosphorus under the largest dressing. The substantial accumulations of phosphorus and potassium from pig and cow slurry respectively gave marked penetration of the soil below 10 cm depth only at the highest application rate. The data suggest that at rates typical of farm practice significant losses of phosphorus and potassium from the rooting zone would be unlikely to occur.The main invading plant species were Agrostis stolonifera L. and Poa spp. Small slurry dressings produced a similar botanical composition to that of plots given fertilizer. Increasing slurry application rates decreased the proportion of L. perenne and increased that of A. stolonifera but only under the largest dressing did L. perenne fall to a small proportion of the sward and A. stolonifera become very dominant. L. perenne made maximum contribution to herbage dry-matter yield early in the season while the proportion of A. stolonifera increased as the season progressed.Under these conditions even extremely large slurry dressings did not depress herbage yield and may not necessarily have reduced herbage quality despite marked changes in sward botanical composition.ways (McAllister, 1976). The aim of this experiment was to measure the enects ot frequent, regular and The potential fertilizer value of farm manures in long-term applications of slurry to grassland on the the U.K. is not being realized by farmers (Smith & yield and mineral composition of the herbag...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some long-term effects of slurry on grassland

Christie¹

1987

J. Agric. Sci.

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“…In terms of the ammonia nitrogen content, Dojlidy reservoir was a source of pollution for the Biala River. Higher concentration of ammonia nitrogen could be the result of natural fertilizers in the autumn and before grazing cattle on pasture in early May [Adams, McAllister 1975;Fortyma, Duer 2006;Pietrzak, Sapek 1998]. 90 % of ammonia emission is from agricultural sources (livestock and fertilizer) according to the studies conducted in the United States [Battye et al 1994].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Forms Content in Dojlidy Retention Reservoire

2017

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The Dojlidy Ponds, which include Dojlidy water dam, are located within Bialystok city limits in Podlasie area, Poland. The reservoir with a water surface of 34 ha and average depth of 1.75 m was constructed in 1962 as a result of Biala River damming. The researches were conducted in July, October and December 2014 as well as in March 2015. Each time five test samples were collected from spots located along the reservoir. Water samples were tested for the presence of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, organic nitrogen, phosphates and organic phosphorus. The values of nutrient indicators exhibited high variability during the study period. The highest concentration of nitrite and nitrate nitrogen were observed in July, while the lowest in Octobernitrite nitrogen, and in December -nitrate nitrogen. Different situation was observed after the analysis of phosphorus forms -the highest concentrations of organic phosphorus and phosphates were observed in December and the lowest in July. Relatively high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus forms identified in water samples were most likely caused by tributaries, due to the pollution from the reservoir catchment. Technical parameters of the object and location of the reservoir have undoubtedly an impact on the tested parameters contents.

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“…K] suggest that farm accumulation of these nutrients has been occurring. Nutrient accumulation on livestock farms importing feedstuffs has been reported (Adams and McAllister, 1975;McAllister, 1971) for P and to a lesser extent K (Cooke, 1977) so that excessive levels have accumulated in soils on these farms. Frink's (1969) estimates of 34 and 53 kg cow-1 yr' for P and K, respectively, were two to three times greater per cow for the Connecticut dairy farms than the accumulations measured on the study farm.…”

Section: Pennsylvaniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Nutrient Flow in the Managed Pathways of an Intensive Dairy Farm

1990

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The magnitude, and spatial and temporal patterns of nutrient flow in the managed pathways of a farm are related to farm management decisions and interact with the biological processes of the farm. These descriptions of nutrient flow can be part of a nutrient management process that is consistent with the specifics of individual farm operations and particular farm performance goals. Nutrient flow in the managed pathways of a Pennsylvania dairy farm was measured at farm, field, and livestock unit boundaries using on‐farm equipment scales, farm records, and material sampling and analysis. Farm nutrient inputs of N, P, and K were twofold or more greater than outputs of these nutrients in the managed pathways. The temporal distribution of flows was closely related to the livestock activities on the farm. Manure storage capacity and crop developmental stage were significant factors influencing the timing of nutrient flows to and from the fields. Nutrient inputs and outputs in the managed flows at the boundary for the set of all fields were approximately equal except for the negative calculated crop available N balance. However, the range in balances for individual fields was large. Manure N and potential biological N fixation were not used efficiently on this farm due primarily to the volatilization of N from manure and the application of manure to alfalfa. Additions of nutrients to the farm in the managed flows decreased by 26, 60, and 43% for N, P, and K, respectively, in the 2nd yr of the study due primarily to less purchased animal feeds.

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Nutrient cycles involving phosphorus and potassium on livestock farms in Northern Ireland

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Some long-term effects of slurry on grassland

Some long-term effects of slurry on grassland

Dynamics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Forms Content in Dojlidy Retention Reservoire

Plant Nutrient Flow in the Managed Pathways of an Intensive Dairy Farm

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