Nutrient Composition and In Vitro Antioxidant Properties of Harungana madagascariensis Stembark Extracts

Abstract

The stembarks of Harungana madagascariensis were analyzed for their content of chemical constituents, antinutrients, vitamin levels, and in vitro antioxidant properties in two solvent systems. Phytochemical screening revealed higher levels of alkaloids, saponins, and flavonoids in the methanolic (MHM) extract than in the dichloromethane (DCM) extract. The methanolic extract had higher contents of minerals, vitamins, and antinutrients except K, vitamin B1, and phytic acid, respectively. Antioxidant potentials of the stembark extracts were assessed by the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, metal chelating activity, and ferric reducing power. The methanolic extract showed a better antioxidant activity (IC50 = 87.66 -0.97 lg/mL) in the DPPH system. The metal chelating activity was higher in the methanolic extract (92.4% at 20 mg/mL), but lower than the control ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The methanolic extract also showed greater ferric reducing power and was richer in phenolics (132.24 -0.61 mgGAE/g) and flavonoids (259.05 -2.85 mgQE/g). Antinutrient analysis of the extracts indicated low levels of phytic acid, oxalates, and hydrocyanides below the lethal doses. The LD50 (i.p. mice) of the extracts showed relatively low toxicity in the range 1000-1414 mg/kg. These results support the ethnomedicinal uses of this plant in the treatment of diseases related to oxidative stress and suggest that consumption of H. madagascariensis is not harmful nutritively.

Myocardial Potency of Aqueous Extract of Harungana Madagascariensis Stem Bark Against Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Damage in Rats

“…This points to the potential antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of H. madagascariensis. In previous studies, H. madagascariensis has been described as an antioxidant and free radical scavenger 24,39 . The current study shows the antioxidant activity of H. madagascariensis and endorses its cardioprotective effect mediated by its antioxidant effect in myocardium.…”

“…Biological studies on the barks or leaves of this plant revealed antihelminthiase properties 19 , anti-plasmodial 20 , antidiabetic 21 , antimicrobial activities 22 , analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities 23 . Some of the constituents and isolated compounds from H. madagascariensis includes flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, terpenes, cardiac glycosides, and tannins 24 . A prenylated 1, 4-anthraquinone isolated from the hexane extract of the stem-bark of H. madagascariensis possess alphaglucosidase inhibition and antioxidant activities 25 .…”

2-Allylphenol Reduces IL-1βand TNF-α, Promoting Antinociception through Adenosinergic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Mechanisms

“…The DPPH test is widely accepted as a tool for assessing antiradical activity of antioxidants. Due to the harmful effects of free radicals on biological membranes, this is extremely important [56]. However, ABTS radical scavenging assay could also be an option when it comes to samples containing hydrophilic, lipophilic, and highly pigmented antioxidant compounds [57].…”

Antioxidants from Nigerian Medicinal Plants: What Are the Evidence?

“…Furthermore [35]. But H. madagascariensis exhibited moderate activity [36] while A. precatorius [37] and B. micrantha [38] have demonstrated effective inhibitions ( Table 1) [39]. However, effective inhibitions were observed on root extracts of D. tripetala (IC 50 0.631 μgmL −1 ) and M. excelsa (IC 50 0.194 μgmL −1 ) compared to 4.60 μgmL −1 ascorbic acid [40].…”