Nutraceutical effect of vitamins and minerals on performance and immune and antioxidant systems in dairy calves during the nutritional transition period in summer

Bordignon, Rael; Volpato, Andréia; Glombowsky, Patrícia; Souza, Carine F.; Baldissera, Matheus D.; Secco, Rodrigo; Pereira, W. A. B.; Leal, Marta L.R.; Vedovatto, Marcelo; Silva, Aleksandro S. Da

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.07.034

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…WBC counts, excluding one animal, returned to within the normal reference range by 96 h post‐treatment. To the authors' knowledge, an official normal range for concentrations of serum cytokines in cattle has not been reported, but many studies have tracked changes in concentrations of TNFα in serum from pre‐ to post‐challenge 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ( Table S2 ). The serum concentrations of TNFα across studies ranged from 0 to 140 ng/mL pre‐challenge, and 0.25 to 240 ng/mL post‐challenge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The innate immune stimulant Amplimune® is safe to administer to young feedlot cattle

et al. 2022

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Background Infectious disease has a significant impact on livestock production. Availability of alternatives to antibiotics to prevent and treat disease is required to reduce reliance on antibiotics while not impacting animal welfare. Innate immune stimulants, such as mycobacterium cell wall fractions (MCWF), are used as alternatives to antibiotics for the treatment and prevention of infectious disease in a number of species including cattle, horses and dogs. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of Amplimune®, an MCWF-based immune stimulant, for weaner Angus cattle.Methods On day À1 and 0, sixty mixed-sex Angus weaner cattle were transported for 6 h before being inducted and housed in a large single pen, simulating feedlot induction conditions. The cattle were assigned to one of six treatment groups (n = 10 per group): 2 mL Amplimune intramuscularly (2IM); 2 mL Amplimune subcutaneously (2SC); 5 mL Amplimune intramuscularly (5IM); 5 mL Amplimune subcutaneously (5SC); 5 mL saline intramuscularly (SalIM) and 5 mL saline subcutaneously (SalSC) on day 0 following transportation. Body temperature, body weight, concentrations of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12) and haematology parameters were measured at various times up to 96 h post-treatment. ResultsNo adverse effects from Amplimune treatment were observed. Amplimune induced an increase in circulating cytokine TNFα concentrations, total white blood cell count and lymphocyte counts indicative of activation of the innate immune system without causing an excessive inflammatory response.Conclusions Results confirm that Amplimune can be safely administered to beef cattle at the dose rates and via the routes of administration investigated here.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The innate immune stimulant Amplimune® is safe to administer to young feedlot cattle

et al. 2022

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“…Studies have found that: under heat stress, as the dietary Se level increases, the number of heterophils, monocytes, and eosinophils gradually decrease, and serum total protein and albumin levels gradually increase ( 168 ); a 5 mg Se treatment can reduce the rectal temperature of sheep by 0.3°C, reduce weight loss by 4.5%, and increase the number of eosinophils ( 60 ); injection of antioxidants containing Se, copper, zinc, manganese, VA, VE, etc. before and after weaning of calves in summer can increase their blood immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, and IgA) concentrations and serum total white blood cells (neutrophils and monocytes) ( 169 ); dietary Se supplementation can increase the number of hemameba and hemoglobin in poultry blood ( 170 ); 0.25 ppm Se can significantly improve the growth performance of broiler chickens, promote their immune response and lymphatic organ development, and can also increase their serum antioxidant activity and the ratio of heterophile cells to lymphocytes, and reduce the gene expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 70 ( 171 ). Furthermore, heat stress-induced cell damage is usually accompanied by abnormal expression of SEL coding genes and SELs, and Se supplementation mainly reduces cell damage induced by heat stress via regulating the expression of SELs; that is, Se restores the expression of most SELs in heat-stressed cells at both mRNA and protein levels; in addition, organic Se has a better effect than inorganic Se.…”

Section: Dietary Supplementation Of Se To Relieve Inflammation and Enhance Immunocompetence Of Heat Stress Livestockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glutathione peroxidase can remove ROS, protect cells from oxidative stress damage ( 184 , 185 ), and prevent lipid and protein oxidation. Studies have shown that dietary Se supplementation can increase the serum Se content and the activity of GPx in broilers, calves, lactating dairy cows, and other animals ( 63 , 169 , 186 ).…”

Section: Dietary Supplementation Of Se To Improve Antioxidant Status Of Heat Stress In Livestockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Selenium as a Dietary Source on Performance, Inflammation, Cell Damage, and Reproduction of Livestock Induced by Heat Stress: A Review

Zheng

Xie

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Heat stress as a result of global warming has harmful consequences for livestock and is thus becoming an urgent issue for animal husbandry worldwide. Ruminants, growing pigs, and poultry are very susceptible to heat stress because of their fast growth, rapid metabolism, high production levels, and sensitivity to temperature. Heat stress compromises the efficiency of animal husbandry by affecting performance, gastrointestinal health, reproductive physiology, and causing cell damage. Selenium (Se) is an essential nutritional trace element for livestock production, which acts as a structural component in at least 25 selenoproteins (SELs); it is involved in thyroid hormone synthesis, and plays a key role in the antioxidant defense system. Dietary Se supplementation has been confirmed to support gastrointestinal health, production performance, and reproductive physiology under conditions of heat stress. The underlying mechanisms include the regulation of nutrient digestibility influenced by gastrointestinal microorganisms, antioxidant status, and immunocompetence. Moreover, heat stress damage to the gastrointestinal and mammary barrier is closely related to cell physiological functions, such as the fluidity and stability of cellular membranes, and the inhibition of receptors as well as transmembrane transport protein function. Se also plays an important role in inhibiting cell apoptosis and reducing cell inflammatory response induced by heat stress. This review highlights the progress of research regarding the dietary supplementation of Se in the mitigation of heat stress, addressing its mechanism and explaining the effect of Se on cell damage caused by heat stress, in order to provide a theoretical reference for the use of Se to mitigate heat stress in livestock.

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“…Supplementation with fat-soluble and B-vitamins, omega fatty acids and minerals did not provide additional benefit to summer reared calves (Blair, 2015). A combination of vitamins A and E and microelements increased growth performance post-weaning, enhanced immune functions and antioxidant capacity (Bordignon et al ., 2019). An exciting approach was adding Saccharomyces boulardii to milk replacer to calves between 1–28 d of age (Lee et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Nutritional Management In Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat stress in dairy calves from birth to weaning

Bakony

Jurkovich

2020

Journal of Dairy Research

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This Research Reflection collects current knowledge on the effects of heat stress in dairy calves. Chapters cover the concept of foetal programming, animal-based and environmental indicators of heat stress in the postnatal period, and methods of heat stress abatement. Conclusions for further research about economic efficiency, research methodology and an integrated approach of pre- and postnatal heat stress are also proposed.

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Nutraceutical effect of vitamins and minerals on performance and immune and antioxidant systems in dairy calves during the nutritional transition period in summer

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

The innate immune stimulant Amplimune® is safe to administer to young feedlot cattle

The innate immune stimulant Amplimune® is safe to administer to young feedlot cattle

Effects of Selenium as a Dietary Source on Performance, Inflammation, Cell Damage, and Reproduction of Livestock Induced by Heat Stress: A Review

Heat stress in dairy calves from birth to weaning

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