Nurse educators are key to a best practices implementation program

Goldman, Beryl; Balgobin, Sabita; Bish, Ruth L.; Lee, Richard H.; McCue, Sally; Morrison, Malcolm H.; Nonemaker, Sue

doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2004.04.013

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…These papers used appropriate research designs for the questions addressed, reported rigorous analyses and detailed findings, clearly describing the methodology of the project, the intervention itself, and any evaluation undertaken. However, detail on either methods or the intervention itself was lacking in 10 papers [31,35,45,47,48,51,55,62],[72-74]. A great deal can be learned from papers in which sufficient detail is provided to assess whether claims made are supported in the data [12,27-29,33,46,49,54,64,71].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven papers failed to address context at all [28,36,49,51,57-59]. A further three papers provided some data on context but were either too limited in detail to allow inferences to be made [60,61], or the influence of context was alluded to but, based on the paper, it was not feasible to make any statements about which factors influenced effectiveness, or in which settings [62]. Despite inconsistency in reporting, from the studies that do consider contextual issues, some key issues emerge.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A realist review of interventions and strategies to promote evidence-informed healthcare: a focus on change agency

McCormack¹,

et al. 2013

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BackgroundChange agency in its various forms is one intervention aimed at improving the effectiveness of the uptake of evidence. Facilitators, knowledge brokers and opinion leaders are examples of change agency strategies used to promote knowledge utilization. This review adopts a realist approach and addresses the following question: What change agency characteristics work, for whom do they work, in what circumstances and why?MethodsThe literature reviewed spanned the period 1997-2007. Change agency was operationalized as roles that are aimed at effecting successful change in individuals and organizations. A theoretical framework, developed through stakeholder consultation formed the basis for a search for relevant literature. Team members, working in sub groups, independently themed the data and developed chains of inference to form a series of hypotheses regarding change agency and the role of change agency in knowledge use.Results24, 478 electronic references were initially returned from search strategies. Preliminary screening of the article titles reduced the list of potentially relevant papers to 196. A review of full document versions of potentially relevant papers resulted in a final list of 52 papers. The findings add to the knowledge of change agency as they raise issues pertaining to how change agents’ function, how individual change agent characteristics effect evidence-informed health care, the influence of interaction between the change agent and the setting and the overall effect of change agency on knowledge utilization. Particular issues are raised such as how accessibility of the change agent, their cultural compatibility and their attitude mediate overall effectiveness. Findings also indicate the importance of promoting reflection on practice and role modeling. The findings of this study are limited by the complexity and diversity of the change agency literature, poor indexing of literature and a lack of theory-driven approaches.ConclusionThis is the first realist review of change agency. Though effectiveness evidence is weak, change agent roles are evolving, as is the literature, which requires more detailed description of interventions, outcomes measures, the context, intensity, and levels at which interventions are implemented in order to understand how change agent interventions effect evidence-informed health care.

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