“…In Figure 22, 14-layer pure glass composite with curved surface and studies in the literature 45–49 are presented comparatively. When the graph was examined, it was seen that the current study was compatible with the studies in the literature.Figure 22.Comparison of the present study with pure glass fiber composite plates in the literature.…”
The aim of this study is to produce curved sandwich composites with different arrays by adding Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) rubber interlayers between glass fiber woven fabrics and to investigate their behaviours under low-velocity impact. For this purpose, sandwich plates were produced through the vacuum infusion method by using glass fiber and rubber layers on the steel mold manufactured in curved form. Impact tests were applied on the plates and the effect of the stacking sequence for glass fibers/rubber layer on the impact energy absorption was examined. The energy absorption property of the composites was improved by a maximum of 45% with a layer epdm used in the midplane of the composite. Also, when rubber layers were used on the outermost surface of the composites, the damage area reduced by 14%. In the numerical part, the tests were modelled using LS-DYNA finite element packaged programme and the Hashin failure criterion-based material model was used in order to view any damages on the composite structure after the tests. The agreement between numerical and experimental results was obtained with a maximum error of 19%
“…In Figure 22, 14-layer pure glass composite with curved surface and studies in the literature 45–49 are presented comparatively. When the graph was examined, it was seen that the current study was compatible with the studies in the literature.Figure 22.Comparison of the present study with pure glass fiber composite plates in the literature.…”
The aim of this study is to produce curved sandwich composites with different arrays by adding Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) rubber interlayers between glass fiber woven fabrics and to investigate their behaviours under low-velocity impact. For this purpose, sandwich plates were produced through the vacuum infusion method by using glass fiber and rubber layers on the steel mold manufactured in curved form. Impact tests were applied on the plates and the effect of the stacking sequence for glass fibers/rubber layer on the impact energy absorption was examined. The energy absorption property of the composites was improved by a maximum of 45% with a layer epdm used in the midplane of the composite. Also, when rubber layers were used on the outermost surface of the composites, the damage area reduced by 14%. In the numerical part, the tests were modelled using LS-DYNA finite element packaged programme and the Hashin failure criterion-based material model was used in order to view any damages on the composite structure after the tests. The agreement between numerical and experimental results was obtained with a maximum error of 19%
“…In the case of impact on a floating object, different time step integration was explored in the way to arrive at the final one of 5 ms. This time definition is long enough to capture the system's dynamic behavior [47].…”
The study of dynamic events such as impact and hydroelastic slamming is of great importance in determining the structural integrity of naval or maritime structures, particularly those made of composite materials. This topic has been investigated by numerous researchers using analytical, experimental, and numerical approaches. In this study, we propose using a hybrid numerical model combining smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and the finite element method (FEM) to investigate the impact of external objects on floating laminates. The results show a good agreement with the available experimental data regarding the impact dynamic and some limitations in the damage determination.
“…These two criteria include four types as follows: (i) fracture of fibre under tensile ( ); (ii) fracture of fibre under compression ( ); (iii) fracture of matrix under tensile ( ); and (iv) fracture of matrix under compression ( ). Hashin's equations for these four types are written as follows [60-62]: …”
High-speed impact behaviour of composite sandwich panels reinforced by nano-SiO 2 has been studied in the present article. The sandwich panels were manufactured by glass/fibre epoxy composite face sheets and an M-shaped core using the vacuum-assisted resin transfer moulding (VARTM) method. To enhance the mechanical strength of the matrix, especially impact resistance, the nanoparticles were added to the resin epoxy matrix as filler. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was utilised to observe the microscopic structure of the composites. The experimental results indicated that adding 1-3 wt-% of nano-SiO 2 into the matrix remarkably increased the impact resistance of the composite. In order to validate the results, the experimental data were compared to the finite element models, and good agreement was observed.
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