Numerical Simulation of Upconing and Freshwater Lens Breakage in a Coral Island

Cong-zhi, Zhou; Yang, Qin; Fang, Z.; Liang, Hengguo; Wang, Hao

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-89465-0_29

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The average annual rainfall is about 1,509 mm and the contact between the Holocene and underlying Pleistocene sediments occurs at 22 m below ground surface (shown as Figure 1b above). Other details on meteorology and hydrogeology of this field site are discussed in previous studies (Sheng et al., 2017; Zhou et al., 2009). The area of the original Yongxing Island was 2.13 km 2 and increased to 3.2 km 2 after land reclamation on the north of the island (Figures 11a and 11c).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…To further support the observations and findings from the laboratory and theoretical discussion above, numerical simulation was conducted in Yongxing Island, which is a typical coral island with land reclamation in the Xisha Islands, South China Sea (Figure 1). The measured thickness of the fresh groundwater lens is about 14–15 m before reclamation (Zhou et al., 2010). The average annual rainfall is about 1,509 mm and the contact between the Holocene and underlying Pleistocene sediments occurs at 22 m below ground surface (shown as Figure 1b above).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Land Reclamation on Fresh Groundwater Lenses in Oceanic Islands: Laboratory and Numerical Validation

Sheng

Jiao

et al. 2021

Water Resources Research

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There are approximately 425 atolls in the world (Falkland, 1992) and most of them belong to Small Island Developing States (SIDS) in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. About 65 million people live in these SIDS (UN-OHRLLS, 2015). When precipitation recharge across an oceanic island is sufficient, a fresh groundwater lens (or freshwater lens) develops above the denser saline groundwater derived from the sea, which is a

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Land Reclamation on Fresh Groundwater Lenses in Oceanic Islands: Laboratory and Numerical Validation

Sheng

Jiao

et al. 2021

Water Resources Research

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“…The results of the study showed that, when treating the transition zone between salt and fresh water as a sharp interface, the thickness of the freshwater lens calculated under hydrostatic equilibrium conditions is larger than the actual thickness and the evaluation of the total subsurface freshwater resources of the island is overestimated. Zhou [13,14] studied the formation and dynamic process of the freshwater lens on a coral island by using the Visual MODFLOW numerical model and put forward the reasonable development and protection strategy of freshwater lenses. Since then, many scholars have studied the formation, evolution and internal hydrodynamics of freshwater lenses by means of physical experiments and numerical simulations [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Island Urbanization on Freshwater Lenses: A Case Study on a Small Coral Island

Ling

Shu

Sun³

et al. 2021

Water

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Freshwater resources on small coral islands mainly exist in the form of freshwater lenses. The freshwater lens is highly vulnerable to salinization due to natural recharge variations and urbanization construction. However, it is unclear how a freshwater lens evolves under the influence of urbanization construction and which factors control its evolution. Based on the hydrogeological data of a small coral island in China, a corresponding 3D numerical model was established by the Visual MODFLOW software to investigate the formation and evolution of freshwater lenses under natural conditions. Thereby, the island reclamation scenario and impermeable surface scenario were set up and the changes in morphology and volume of the freshwater lens were analyzed. The results show the following: (1) After island reclamation and island building, the freshwater lens would reach a stable state after 25 years and the freshwater lens would also appear in the newly added part of the island with a thickness of 9.5 m, while the volume of the total freshwater lens would increase to 1.22 times that of the original island. (2) When the impermeable surface is built at different positions of the island, the reduction in the volume of the freshwater lens, in the order from large to small, is Scenario B (northeast side), Scenario A (southwest side) and Scenario C (central); with the increase in the impermeable surface area, the volume of the freshwater lens would gradually decrease and the volume of the freshwater lens would decrease by more than 50% with the impermeable surface exceeding 30% of the island area. The study has important implications for the conservation and rational development of subsurface freshwater resources on islands.

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Numerical Simulation of Upconing and Freshwater Lens Breakage in a Coral Island

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Influence of Land Reclamation on Fresh Groundwater Lenses in Oceanic Islands: Laboratory and Numerical Validation

Influence of Land Reclamation on Fresh Groundwater Lenses in Oceanic Islands: Laboratory and Numerical Validation

Impact of Island Urbanization on Freshwater Lenses: A Case Study on a Small Coral Island

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