Numerical simulation of the generation of secondary electrons in the High Current Experiment

Stoltz, Peter; Furman, M.A.; Vay, Jean‐Luc; Molvik, A.W.; Cohen, R. H.

doi:10.1103/physrevstab.6.054701

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The simulation tool is based on a merge of the Heavy Ion Fusion accelerator particlein-cell (PIC) code WARP [24] and the high-energy physics electron-cloud code POSINST [25], supplemented by additional modules for gas generation and ionization [26] as well as ion-induced electron emission from the Tech-X package TxPhysics [27].…”

Section: Simulation Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative experiments with electrons in a positively charged beam

et al. 2007

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Intense ion beams are an extreme example of, and difficult to maintain as, a non-neutral plasma. Experiments and simulations are used to study the complex interactions between beam ions and (unwanted) electrons. Such "electron clouds" limit the performance of many accelerators. To characterize electron clouds, a number of parameters are measured including: total and local electron production and loss for each of three major sources, beam potential versus time, electron line-charge density, and gas pressure within the beam. Electron control methods include surface treatments to reduce electron and gas emission, and techniques to remove, or block, electrons from the beam. Detailed, selfconsistent simulations include beam-transport fields, and electron and gas generation and transport, to compute unexpectedly rich behavior, much of which is confirmed experimentally. For example, in a quadrupole magnetic field, ion and dense electron plasmas interact to produce multi-kV oscillations in the electron plasma and distortions of the beam velocity space distribution, without becoming homogenous or locally neutral.[159 words, ~150 allowed] 2

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Section: Simulation Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative experiments with electrons in a positively charged beam

et al. 2007

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“…WARP at its core is a multi-species thedimensional electrostatic particle-in-cell (PIC) code, with specialized capabilities to include the applied magnetic and electrostatic fields and bounding conductors found in particle accelerators. To this core, we have added modules for secondary electron emission and ion-induced electron desorption [from the Computational Modules for Electron Effects (CMEE) library [7], derived bom routines in the POSINST high-energy-physics accelerator cod@]), first-cut models for ion reflection at walls and ionization source terms, and the largetimestep electron mover described below.…”

Section: Simulation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating electron clouds in heavy-ion accelerators

et al. 2005

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Contaminating clouds of electrons are a concern for most accelerators of postive-charged particles, but there are some unique aspects of heavy-ion accelerators for fusion and high-energy density physics which make modeling such clouds especially challenging. In particular, self-consistent electron and ion simulation is required, including a particle advance scheme which can follow electrons in regions where electrons are strongly-, wealdy-, and un-magnetized. We describe o w approach to such self-consistency, and in particular a scheme for interpolating between full-orbit (Boris) and dr&kinetic particle pushes that enables electron time steps long compared to the typical gyro period in the magnets. We present tests and applications: simulation of electron clouds produced by t h e e Werent lcinds of sowces indicates the sensitivity of the cloud shape to the nature of the source; first-of-a-kind self-consistent simulation of electron-cloud experiments on the High-Current Experiment (HCX)

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“…Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of the different functional modules in WARP-POSINST and their inter-relationships that are ultimately needed to reach FSCS [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: The Warp-posinst Packagementioning

confidence: 99%

Self-consistent 3D modeling of electron cloud dynamics and beam response

Furman

Celata

Kireeff-Covo

et al. 2007

2007 IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference (PAC)

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We present recent advances in the modeling of beamelectron-cloud dynamics, including surface effects such as secondary electron emission, gas desorption, etc, and volumetric effects such as ionization of residual gas and charge-exchange reactions. Simulations for the HCX facility with the code WARP/POSINST will be described and their validity demonstrated by benchmarks against measurements. The code models a wide range of physical processes and uses a number of novel techniques, including a large-timestep electron mover that smoothly interpolates between direct orbit calculation and guiding-center drift equations, and a new computational technique, based on a Lorentz transformation to a moving frame, that allows the cost of a fully 3D simulation to be reduced to that of a quasi-static approximation.

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Numerical simulation of the generation of secondary electrons in the High Current Experiment

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Quantitative experiments with electrons in a positively charged beam

Quantitative experiments with electrons in a positively charged beam

Simulating electron clouds in heavy-ion accelerators

Self-consistent 3D modeling of electron cloud dynamics and beam response

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