Numerical Simulation of Molten Steel Flow under a Magnetic Field with Argon Gas Bubbling in a Continuous Casting Mold

Kubo, Noriko; Ishii, Toshio; Kubota, Jun; Ikagawa, Toru

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.44.556

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Besides, the upward flow caused by bubbles floating out of the bath, homogenizes liquid steel temperatures and composition. As such, gas bubbling is widely accepted [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] as an effective method for deeply cleaning the liquid steel in continuous casting operations. Zhang et al 25) reviewed the mechanisms of inclusion removal from molten steel by bubble flotation.…”

Section: Removal Of Inclusions Using Micro-bubble Swarms In a Fourstrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Inclusions Using Micro-bubble Swarms in a Four-strand, Full-scale, Water Model Tundish

et al. 2016

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Water model experiments were performed in a full-scale, delta-shaped water model tundish, in order to study the removal of inclusions by micro-bubbles. Micro-bubbles were generated using a specially designed ladle shroud with twelve laser-drilled orifices. Gas flow rates, injection positions and multi-port injection were all taken into consideration to create different bubble conditions. Bubbles were recorded using a high speed camera and post-processed with commercial software, Image J. Hollow glass borosilicate microspheres, smaller than 100 μm, were used to simulate inclusions, and detected, in-situ, using a new generation of the Aqueous Particle Sensor, APS III. The results revealed that the effect of microbubbles on inclusion removal depends greatly on the gas injection protocols used. The optimum gas flow rate was an intermediate value, which indicates a minimum particle number density, n p , of about 7.85/ml. This results from the counter-balancing effects of bubble sizes against the total number of bubbles. The highest inclusion removal rate was 80%, when gas was injected through the four ports located closest to the slide gate, at a gas flow rate of 0.2 L/min.

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Section: Removal Of Inclusions Using Micro-bubble Swarms In a Fourstrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Inclusions Using Micro-bubble Swarms in a Four-strand, Full-scale, Water Model Tundish

et al. 2016

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“…The numerical models are therefore applied in order to help us better understand and further improve the process. The problem under consideration has already been considered with several different numerical models, among which are the Finite Volume Method (FVM), [3][4][5][6][7][8] the Finite Element Method (FEM), 9 and some more advanced meshless methods, like the Local Radial Basis Function Collocation Method (LRBFCM), 10 which is used in the present case as well. The purpose of this article is to present the results obtained for the application of EMBR in the CC process for carbon steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A meshless model of electromagnetic braking for the continuous casting of steel

Mramor¹,

Vertnik²,

Šarler³

2015

Mater. Tehnol.

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The application of magnetohydrodynamics in the continuous casting of steel enables improved control of the quality of the strand. The most common applications are electromagnetic braking (EMBR) and electromagnetic stirring (EMS). The former slows the flow by applying a static magnetic field and thus improves the steel flow pattern, reduces the velocity and the turbulence of the flow, increases the cleanliness of the material, improves the surface quality and reduces the number of inclusions, whereas the latter stirs the flow by applying an alternating magnetic field and thus improves the quality of the strand, reduces the surface and subsurface defects, enhances the solidification and reduces the number of breakouts. In this contribution EMBR in a continuous-casting process is considered. The local radial basis function collocation method (LRBFCM) is used for the solution of coupled mass, energy, turbulent fluid flow, species and magnetic field equations. The explicit Euler time-stepping scheme and the collocation with multiquadrics radial basis functions on the five-noded overlapping influence domains are used to obtain the solution of the partial differential equations. The Abe-Kondoh-Nagano low Reynolds turbulence model is used to describe the turbulent fluid flow, whereas the fractional step method is used to solve the pressurevelocity coupling. The method has been thoroughly tested in several test cases. In the present article the influence of the application of electromagnetic braking on the macro-segregation in the continuous-casting process for carbon steel is presented. Keywords: LRBFCM, continuous casting of steel, turbulent flow, magnetic field, macro-segregation Uporaba magnetohidrodinamike pri kontinuiranem ulivanju jekla omogo~a izbolj{ano kontrolo kakovosti`ile. Najpogostej{i aplikaciji sta elektromagnetno zaviranje (EMBR) in elektromagnetno me{anje (EMS). Prva zavira tok z uporabo stati~nega magnetnega polja in tako izbolj{a tokovni vzorec jekla, zmanj{a hitrost in turbulenco toka, pove~a~istost materiala, izbolj{a kvaliteto povr{ine in zmanj{a {tevilo vklju~kov, medtem ko druga me{a tok z uporabo izmeni~nega magnetnega polja in tako izbolj{a kvaliteto`ile, zmanj{a nepravilnosti na povr{ini in pod njo, pospe{i strjevanje in zmanj{a {tevilo prodorov. V tem prispevku je obravnavano EMBR pri kontinuiranem ulivanju jekla. Lokalna kolokacijska metoda z radialnimi baznimi funkcijami (LRBFCM) je uporabljena za re{evanje sklopljenih ena~b za maso, energijo, turbulenten tok teko~ine, koncentracijo sestavin in magnetno polje. Eksplicitna Euler-jeva~asovna shema in kolokacija z multikvadri~nimi radialnimi baznimi funkcijami na petto~kovnih prekrivajo~ih se poddomenah sta uporabljeni za re{itev parcialnih diferencialnih ena~b. Abe-KondohNaganov turbuletni model za nizka Reynolds-ova {tevila je uporabljen za opis turbulentnega toka, medtem ko je metoda delnih korakov uporabljena za re{itev tla~no-hitrostne sklopitve. Metoda je bila izdatno preizku{ena na ve~preizkusnih primerih. V tem~lanku je predstavljen vp...

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“…Takatani et al 3) analysed the molten steel flow and the effects of argon gas injection and EMBR on the meniscus behaviour in the continuous casting mold using a 3-D and unsteady mathematical model. Ishii et al, 4) Yamamura et al, 5) Harada et al 6) and Kubo et al 7) performed the numerical simulations to examine the effects of different types of magnetic fields utilized in the EMBR technique on the electromagnetic braking efficiency and also analysed the changes of molten steel flow field and inclusion distribution in the mold when the magnetic field was imposed with the argon gas bubble injection. Li et al 1,8,9) developed a numerical estimation to analyse the motion of inclusion considering the effects of argon gas injection and magnetic field application in the slab continuous casting mold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of the Effects of Electromagnetic Brake and Argon Gas Injection on the Three-dimensional Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Slab Continuous Casting Mold

Zhu

2008

ISIJ Int.

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A 3-D mathematical model has been developed to study the multiphase phenomena of magnetic field, flow field and temperature distribution of molten steel and inclusion behaviour, considering the coupled effects of electromagnetic brake (EMBR) and argon gas injection in the slab continuous casting mold with high casting speed. The effects of EMBR and argon gas injection on the flow and temperature of molten steel and inclusion removal rate have been investigated. Simulation results indicate that EMBR can slow down the flow velocity of molten steel effectively, especially near the meniscus; the areas of upper and lower re-circulation zones are reduced and temperature distribution of molten steel is more uniform and the temperature gradient is reduced; but it has no helpful for the removal of small inclusions. The argon gas injection can increase the molten steel flow up tendency in the upper re-circulation area duo to the buoyancy effect of ascending argon gas bubbles near the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) and be in favour of the floating up of inclusion particles, and temperature in the upper re-circulation zone increases. The increasing of argon gas flow rate results in a stronger vortex flow zone near the free surface, especially near the SEN and easily forms a secondary eddy flow with EMBR, which impacts the fluctuation of free surface and the slag entrapment. The double action of EMBR and argon gas injection can further increase the temperature in the upper re-circulation zone, especially near the meniscus, and the floating up rate of inclusions are also improved and the inclusions to be trapped into solidified shell is reduced.

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Numerical Simulation of Molten Steel Flow under a Magnetic Field with Argon Gas Bubbling in a Continuous Casting Mold

Cited by 28 publications

References 21 publications

Removal of Inclusions Using Micro-bubble Swarms in a Four-strand, Full-scale, Water Model Tundish

Removal of Inclusions Using Micro-bubble Swarms in a Four-strand, Full-scale, Water Model Tundish

A meshless model of electromagnetic braking for the continuous casting of steel

Numerical Simulation of the Effects of Electromagnetic Brake and Argon Gas Injection on the Three-dimensional Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Slab Continuous Casting Mold

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