Transient elastodynamic crack analysis in two-dimensional (2D), layered, anisotropic and linear elastic solids is presented in this paper. A time-domain boundary element method (BEM) in conjunction with a multi-domain technique is developed for this purpose. Time-domain elastodynamic fundamental solutions for homogenous, anisotropic and linear elastic solids are applied in the present time-domain BEM. The spatial discretization of the boundary integral equations is performed by a Galerkin-method, while a collocation method is adopted for the temporal discretization of the arising convolution integrals. An explicit time-stepping scheme is developed to compute the unknown boundary data and the crack-opening-displacements (CODs). To show the effects of the crack configuration, the material anisotropy, the layer combination and the dynamic loading on the dynamic stress intensity factors and the scattered elastic wave fields, several numerical examples are presented and discussed.