Numerical simulation of a PEM fuel cell: Effect of tortuosity parameters on the construction of polarization curves

Ceballos, J.O.; Ordóñez, L. C.; Sierra, J.M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.03.112

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The values of obtained by analytical solution are in the range of @ 50% -50% and @ 10% -90% . Ceballos et al 29 reports effective oxygen diffusion values for a catalytic layer of a PEMFC with 30% porous phase surface fraction; the results reported in their work are obtained by solving different effective diffusion models, they report oxygen in a range of for Nam and Kabiany model and for Tomadakis and Storirchos model; In this work, for the same porous phase surface fraction condition an analytical result of is obtained. The variations in the reported values are attributed to the different microstructures of the evaluated electrodes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

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Theoretical analysis of the effect of isotropy on the effective diffusion coefficient in the porous and agglomerated phase of the electrodes of a PEMFC

Pacheco,

Barbosa,

Navarro-Montejo

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In polymer membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), the pore microstructure and the effective diffusion coefficient (\({D}_{eff}\)) of the catalytic layer have a significant impact on the overall performance of the fuel cell. In this wok, numerical methods to simulate PEMFC catalytic layers were used to study the effect of isotropy (\({I}_{xy}\)) on the \({D}_{eff}\). The proposed methodology studies reconstructed systems by Simulated Annealing (SA) imaging with different surface fractions of microstructures composed by two diffusive phases: agglomerates and pores. The \({D}_{Eff}\) is determined numerically by the Finite Volume Method (FVM) solved for Fick's First Law of Diffusion. The results show that the proposed methodology can effectively quantify the effect of isotropy on the \({D}_{eff}\) for both diffusion phases. Two trends were obtained in the magnitude of the \({D}_{eff}\) concerning the change in isotropy: a) when the surface fraction is more significant than 50%, the \({D}_{eff}\) decreases linearly at the beginning and exponentially at the end of the isotropy change, which indicates that small changes in isotropy in the particulate material modify it drastically. b) When the surface fraction is less than 50%, the \({D}_{eff}\) decreases exponentially at the beginning and linearly at the end of the isotropy change, which shows that small isotropy changes in the bar-aligned material drastically alter it. The proposed methodology can be used as a design tool to improve the mass transport in porous PEMFC electrodes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…J.O. Ceballos et al 29 present several numerical simulations of the PEM fuel cell and analyze the effect of tortuosity on its overall performance. They present polarization curves evaluated with different effective diffusion models in the anode and cathode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical analysis of the effect of isotropy on the effective diffusion coefficient in the porous and agglomerated phase of the electrodes of a PEMFC

Pacheco,

Barbosa,

Navarro-Montejo

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…where 𝑦 𝑖 stands for the species 𝑖 mass fraction and 𝐷 𝑔 𝑒𝑓𝑓 the effective diffusion coefficient of each gas. The effective diffusion coefficient for GDL and CL is calculated for both anode and cathode using a library implemented by applying the Toamadakis-Sotirchos effective diffusion model [18].…”

Section: Conservation Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This investigation considers non-uniform distributions in temperature and saturation, impacting the distribution of chemical species within the system. We used an effective diffusion model based on fiber stack [18] that considers the tortuosity for porosity and saturation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis Of The Liquid Saturation At The Cathode Side Of A PEM Fuel Cell With Different Flow Paths

Ceballos,

Sierra,

Ordoñez

2024

Preprint

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The performance of fuel cells is greatly influenced by the design of the flow channels, making it one of the most significant factors impacting their overall performance. In this work, numerical simulations on serpentine, parallel, and interdigitated geometries are carried out using an open-source toolbox at 0.5, 0.4, and 0.3 V to observe the liquid water saturation distribution at the cathode side of a three-dimensional multiphase non-isothermal model of a Protonic Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell. The results indicate that the serpentine flow channel shows the maximum current density and the minimum saturation distribution. Also, it is shown that maximum saturation values are located at the edges of the membrane-electrode assembly. There is an important change in the ionic distribution which directly impacts the current density.

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“…The development of CFD tools for the analysis/simulation of a PEMFC is a continuously evolving field. Some works have used OpenFOAM for this purpose, most of them with simplified models [9,10,11,12]. For instance, in [9] and [10], electrochemical reactions and charge transport equations are not solved; [11] uses a single-phase model and [12] uses an isothermal flow and solves only the flow related equations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Optimization of Pem Fuel Cells Using Openfoam

Monfaredi,

Papoutsis-Kiachagias,

Asouti

et al. 2023

15th International Conference on Evolutionary and Deterministic Methods for Design, Optimization and Control

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In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), the catalyst layer (CL) and the gas diffusion layer (GDL) are made of porous materials, the characteristics of which affect its performance. The CL determines the ion exchange across the membrane that allows the fuel cell reaction to occur. The GDL transfers the reactant towards the CL and electrons through the solid part, and is important for water management and heat removal. Innovative designs of the porosity distribution in the GDL and CL on both the anode and cathode side, is one of the active research topics in PEMFCs. The optimization presented in this paper redesigns the porosity distribution in the GDL and CL in order to increase the current density and reduce hydrogen consumption. To simulate the PEMFCs, a solver is built in the OpenFOAM environment. This solver performs steady simulations, based on models available in the literature. Results from this analysis tool are verified vs. other numerical results, by comparing the polarization, i.e. the current vs. voltage curve. Here, the evolutionary algorithm-based optimization software EASY of NTUA, which makes use of on-line trained surrogate models to reduce the number of evaluations is used to obtain a front of non-dominated solutions. A bilinear porosity distribution (2D distribution) is used for the GDL along with a uniform distribution for the CL on both the anode and cathode side. It is shown that some of the optimized PEMFC perform better than the baseline one in terms of both performance metrics, with consistent changes along the entire polarization curve. 245 EUROGEN 2023 15 th ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Evolutionary and Deterministic Methods for Design, Optimization and Control N. Gauger, K. Giannakoglou, M. Papadrakakis, J. Periaux (eds.

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Numerical simulation of a PEM fuel cell: Effect of tortuosity parameters on the construction of polarization curves

Cited by 11 publications

References 34 publications

Theoretical analysis of the effect of isotropy on the effective diffusion coefficient in the porous and agglomerated phase of the electrodes of a PEMFC

Theoretical analysis of the effect of isotropy on the effective diffusion coefficient in the porous and agglomerated phase of the electrodes of a PEMFC

Numerical Analysis Of The Liquid Saturation At The Cathode Side Of A PEM Fuel Cell With Different Flow Paths

Analysis and Optimization of Pem Fuel Cells Using Openfoam

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