Structures capacity like sinks, dykes and drainage networks deserve special attention in order to provide security to people who live around them. For instance, the brother's Escobar sink (HE) which is located in a large urbanized area are facing flooding risk as well sink reduction capacity. The problem of this reservoir is that during the summer seasons, high intensity and periodically storms provide high volume of water and sediment which are transported and stored at the Sink. Briefly, the aims of this research concerned to the relation between rainfall intensity and sediments rate derived from runoff events so three main stages were covered. The first stage is to evaluate sediment production which in turn depends on rainfall intensity and duration then characterization was performed in order to assess the quantity of sediments as a function of precipitation events. In addition, the influence on the sink capacity regarded to fine sediments like silt and clay. Finally, In order to assess this first stage two important programs were used. On the one hand, the Arc-Map 10.2 version program to assess hydrological and morphometric parameters of the basin. These hydrology components are included in the geoprocessing tools which are part of the spatial analysis tools of ARC-MAP program. The complementary programs that were used as: HEC RAS 5.0 13 HEC-GeoRAS 13 ; and HEC-HMS 4.0 12 that allow to assess rainfall-runoff simulation models as well sediments for extreme climate areas like that of the study area. These programs are able to import shape (shp) files derived from Arc-Map 10.2.
Study area location and main featuresJuárez city is located in a dessert environment with few rainfall events mostly of high intensity and short duration. However, in average, rainfall in the city is nearly 254mm by year. As a result, many surficial dikes have been lost capacity; therefore, it is urgent to implement a pilot plan in order to face the problem. Ciudad Juárez Chihuahua, México is located northern of México and southern USA, so the Bravo River (solid red line) of Figure 1 functions like a political division with El Paso Texas. The main feature on the study area is: ESCOBAR sink, it is marked with a red color polygon; Juárez Mountains (MJ) and valley areas are marked in agree with topographic elevation derived from ARC-MAP geospatial delineation; urbanized area of the city is indicated as network black color. The key (legend) was extracted from the layout that was performed in ARC-MAP 10.2 and is represented by different colors in agree with its elevation; Lomas del Rey basin perimeter marked in dashed red color means the watershed of the ESCOBAR sink and are the main features (Figure 1).
MethodsIn order to assess morphometric parameters like basin areas as well network drainage system, a digital elevation raster model was done based on a point lidar dataset. This 1 meter offset points show enough resolution to perform the surface of the study area (Figure 1). Once, the Lidar points were collected from UACJ (2011) 14 and impor...