Graphene exhibits great mechanical, electrical, and optical properties, making it an imperative material to use as a window layer in a thin-film solar cell. The efficiency and fill factor of the Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) solar cell are increased owing to the incorporation of graphene. Numerical modeling and Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS)-1D simulation have been explored on an efficient CZTS based thin-film solar cell via simulating the proposed structure (Graphene/ZnO/CZTS/Ni) to obtain a nature-friendly solar cell. Besides, the effects of the absorber layer's properties on cell performance parameters have been analyzed. In the proposed cell, the number of layers has been optimized using highly transparent graphene to reach enough sunlight intensity to the absorber layer and back contact. This paper also revealed the effect of temperature and found higher stability in the proposed cell. The optimized cell attributes Voc=0.85 V and Jsc=23.815 mAcm −2 , FF=84.68%, η=17.14%.