Numerical modeling of the long surface waves scattering for the 2011 Japan tsunami: Case study

Kulikov, E. A.; Fine, Isaac V.; Yakovenko, O. I.

doi:10.1134/s0001433814050053

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…1) over timescales for which the nonlinear dissipation is important. To represent global-scale tsunami dissipation within a linear hydrodynamic model, Fine et al (2013) and Kulikov et al (2014) combined the linear shallow water equations (LSWE) with a constant linearfriction term. Although not justified from hydrodynamic theory, this model implies an exponential time-decay of the tsunami's energy which is consistent with observational studies.…”

Section: S(x T)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although not justified from hydrodynamic theory, this model implies an exponential time-decay of the tsunami's energy which is consistent with observational studies. The linearfriction coefficient may thus be estimated using observed tsunami decay timescales (Fine et al, 2013;Kulikov et al, 2014). The model was implemented using numerical methods that have good energy conservation to prevent numerical dissipation from dominating the results at late times, which was reportedly easier to achieve by modifying a linear model (Fine et al, 2013;Kulikov et al, 2014).…”

Section: S(x T)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The linearfriction coefficient may thus be estimated using observed tsunami decay timescales (Fine et al, 2013;Kulikov et al, 2014). The model was implemented using numerical methods that have good energy conservation to prevent numerical dissipation from dominating the results at late times, which was reportedly easier to achieve by modifying a linear model (Fine et al, 2013;Kulikov et al, 2014). Numerical dissipation is often significant for models solving the nonlinear shallow water equations (NSWE) and can even exceed the physical dissipation of global scale tsunamis at computationally practical resolutions (Popinet, 2011;Tang et al, 2012;Tolkova, 2014).…”

Section: S(x T)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Manning-friction approach was tested because it is closer to the full NSWE; however over timescales where dissipation is important, the nonlinearity will prevent a unitsource implementation. The constant linear-friction approach (Fine et al, 2013;Kulikov et al, 2014) was tested because it enables dissipation to be included in a linear framework, with all the associated efficiency benefits. Furthermore, although unitsources are not employed in this study, below it is shown that solutions of the constant linear-friction model can be well approximated with a simple transformation of solutions of the frictionless LSWE, which is convenient because the latter are available in several existing tsunami propagation databases (e.g., Thio, 2015;Li et al, 2016;Davies and Griffin, 2018).…”

Section: Hydrodynamic Simplifications For Global Scale Tsunami Propagmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To represent global-scale tsunami dissipation with a linear model, Fine et al (2013) and Kulikov et al (2014) appended constant linear-friction to the LSWE (Eq. 6) by replacing z zt → z zt + f in the momentum equations only, implying:…”

Section: Linear Shallow Water Equations With Constant Linear-frictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global Dissipation Models for Simulating Tsunamis at Far-Field Coasts up to 60 hours Post-Earthquake: Multi-Site Tests in Australia

Davies¹,

Romano²,

Lorito³

2020

Front. Earth Sci.

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At far-field coasts the largest tsunami waves may occur many hours post-arrival, and hazardous waves may persist for more than 1 day. Such tsunamis are often simulated by nesting high-resolution nonlinear shallow water models (covering sites of interest) within low-resolution reduced-physics global-scale models (to efficiently simulate propagation). These global models often ignore friction and are mathematically energy conservative, so in theory the modeled tsunami will persist indefinitely. In contrast, real tsunamis exhibit slow dissipation at the global-scale with an energy e-folding time of approximately 1 day. How strongly do these global-scale approximations affect nearshore tsunamis simulated at farfield coasts? To investigate this we compare modeled and observed tsunamis at sixteen nearshore tide-gauges in Australia, generated by the following earthquakes:

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Section: S(x T)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S(x T)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S(x T)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydrodynamic Simplifications For Global Scale Tsunami Propagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Linear Shallow Water Equations With Constant Linear-frictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global Dissipation Models for Simulating Tsunamis at Far-Field Coasts up to 60 hours Post-Earthquake: Multi-Site Tests in Australia

Davies¹,

Romano²,

Lorito³

2020

Front. Earth Sci.

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Tsunami Generation Efficiency of the 1994, 2006 and 2007 Kuril Islands Earthquakes

Kulikov

Ivanova

2021

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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generated trans-oceanic tsunamis that were recorded over the entire Pacific Ocean. The tsunami sources had significantly different geometries, which led to different impacts in the near-field and far-field zones. We used numerical models to investigate the source efficiency and resulting wave directivity of the three tsunamis. The tsunami models were validated and calibrated using field survey data from the Central Kuril Islands and deep-ocean bottom pressure records in the North Pacific. Using the full energy flux distribution, we conclude that the source of the 2007 event had the most well-defined energy flux directivity and that the tsunami energy radiation from the 1994 event was the most isotropic. Radiation patterns of each source clearly show the fraction of wave energy radiated into the open ocean, as well as that which penetrated into the Sea of Okhotsk through the Kuril Straits or was captured by the shelf and spread from the source area along the Kuril Ridge. We find a noticeable increase in the period of the leading wave emitted from the end of the elongated tsunami sources compared to the period of the waves formed in the transverse direction. The onshore-directed energy flux is shown to be a key factor controlling tsunami amplitudes at the coast.

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Temporal and Spatial Variations in Tsunami Coda Energy in Medium- To Long-Term Decay Processes

Izumiya¹

2022

Journal of JSCE

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Temporal and spatial variations in tsunami coda waves in medium-to long-term decay processes were investigated based on theoretical analysis and observations. In this paper, medium-and long-term were defined as approximately ≤ ≤ 2 and ≥ 2 , respectively, where t is elapsed time from the earthquake origin time, and τ is the coda energy e-folding decay time. In the medium-to long-term decay processes, the energy and amplitude of tsunami coda waves may become small so that the energy dissipation due to turbulent friction can be negligible compared to the directional spectrum of coda waves. It was found that the energy balance equation without dissipation for the directional spectrum, ( , ), should be approximately satisfied in a quasi-steady state, and the quantity ( , ) should hold for any two points, where and are the wave phase speed and group velocity, respectively. The latter relationship indicates the inverse proportion of the tsunami coda energy to the water depth, and the similarity of the frequency spectrum of coda waves between any two points. The water depth dependency of tsunami coda was confirmed over a wide frequency range by using the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami data. However, the tsunami coda energy with periods of 30-70 min did not follow the ℎ law, because continental seiche and edge waves were generated at Kochi, and the amplitude of tsunami coda waves at other stations did not show exponential decay in time. The estimated frequency spectra of coda waves at depths larger than 100 m were found to be inversely proportional to frequency squared, , for a wide frequency range. The law of frequency spectrum was theoretically derived by using linear shallow water equations with linear friction and dispersion terms. The effects of linear friction and dispersion on the frequency spectrum were deduced from the spectral solutions.

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Numerical modeling of the long surface waves scattering for the 2011 Japan tsunami: Case study

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Global Dissipation Models for Simulating Tsunamis at Far-Field Coasts up to 60 hours Post-Earthquake: Multi-Site Tests in Australia

Global Dissipation Models for Simulating Tsunamis at Far-Field Coasts up to 60 hours Post-Earthquake: Multi-Site Tests in Australia

Tsunami Generation Efficiency of the 1994, 2006 and 2007 Kuril Islands Earthquakes

Temporal and Spatial Variations in Tsunami Coda Energy in Medium- To Long-Term Decay Processes

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