Numerical investigation on the effectiveness of positive pressure ventilation technology in a multi-layer subway station

Zhou, Yang; Bu, Rongwei; Gong, Junhui; Xu, Zhisheng; Chen, Huoju; Fan, Chuangang

doi:10.1177/1420326x18812126

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…On the one hand, fire smokes include several toxic gases, especially CO. CO can quickly cause dyspnea and poisoning symptoms. A high-density smoke also reduces the visibility of evacuees [246][247][248]. Besides, hot smokes and fires may damage subway constructions [249].…”

Section: Wind Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vertical temperature gradient presents a significant variation in subway stations [22]. Deep and multi-story stations are a trend of subway designs, which exacerbate energy losses of downward airflows and cause poor ventilation areas [247]. A reasonable design of air supply systems can provide adequate fresh air and comfortable draft sensation in every subway area and make the 'dead zone' of ventilation disappear [287].…”

Section: Mitigation Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental and Health Effects of Ventilation in Subway Stations: A Literature Review

Wen

Leng

Shen

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Environmental health in subway stations, a typical type of urban underground space, is becoming increasingly important. Ventilation is the principal measure for optimizing the complex physical environment in a subway station. This paper narratively reviews the environmental and health effects of subway ventilation and discusses the relevant engineering, environmental, and medical aspects in combination. Ventilation exerts a notable dual effect on environmental health in a subway station. On the one hand, ventilation controls temperature, humidity, and indoor air quality to ensure human comfort and health. On the other hand, ventilation also carries the potential risks of spreading air pollutants or fire smoke through the complex wind environment as well as produces continuous noise. Assessment and management of health risks associated with subway ventilation is essential to attain a healthy subway environment. This, however, requires exposure, threshold data, and thereby necessitates more research into long-term effects, and toxicity as well as epidemiological studies. Additionally, more research is needed to further examine the design and maintenance of ventilation systems. An understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms and aerodynamic characteristics of various pollutants can help formulate ventilation strategies to reduce pollutant concentrations. Moreover, current comprehensive underground space development affords a possibility for creating flexible spaces that optimize ventilation efficiency, acoustic comfort, and space perception.

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Section: Wind Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mitigation Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Health Effects of Ventilation in Subway Stations: A Literature Review

Wen

Leng

Shen

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…On the one hand, the space forms can cause the ‘dead zone’ of ventilation in the middle or end of the tubular space with insufficient ventilation equipment. 13 , 32 On the other hand, the spatial connections can lead to the dispersion of air pollutants or fire smokes with the piston wind along the passenger paths throughout the station. 45 Especially in the stations with open-mode environmental control systems, piston winds push air pollutants into the platform, hall, office zone, business zone and pedestrian underpass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies focusing on subway fires have shown that space design could significantly affect smoke movement and passenger evacuation paths. 28–32 Overall, the design of architectural layout and indoor ventilation should be integrated for the improvement of the complex environment in underground train stations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated design for underground space environment control of subway stations with atriums using piston ventilation

Wen

Leng

et al. 2020

Indoor and Built Environment

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In subway stations, the piston effect plays an important role in enhancing ventilation to improve subway environment and reduce energy consumption. However, it may induce negative impacts on environmental health and thermal comfort, i.e. air pollution and strong wind. Traditionally, the architecture and ventilation systems are designed separately, and normal ventilation design follows architectural layout. Actually, the architecture design can have a significant influence on the ventilation performance, e.g. airflow pattern. Therefore, this study aims to integrate the design pattern of the architecture with an appropriate ventilation system. A typical subway station of Nanjing (in China) was considered. A dynamic-mesh based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was adopted to simulate ventilation performance in the presence of piston effect. Field measurements were conducted to validate the numerical method. New measures were proposed from the perspectives of architectural design to improve the ventilation effect, including enlarging atrium space, adding atrium vents and funnel-shaped exits, etc. The numerical results show that the optimal architectural design could provide a significant improvement towards the airflow environment and ventilation efficiency while avoiding serious air pollution. The proposed integrated-design pattern could further facilitate the creation of an ‘energy-saving’ and ‘healthy’ underground space environment.

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“…Experiments have proved that the spread of smoke can be effectively controlled when the mechanical smoke exhaust system is turned on. Zhou et al [12] carried out numerical simulation on the effect of positive pressure ventilation in superlarge underground space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Smoke Control in Underground Space

Yao

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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As the underground space is relatively closed compared to other buildings, the space is hardly connected to the outside world through entrances and exits, which makes it difficult to ventilate and exchange heat with the outside. In this case, it is easy to cause a large number of casualties when a fire breaks out. When the fire happens smoke will be discharged merely by the mechanical exhaust, and air system should work simultaneously to replenish the oxygen inside. By setting four-group models, the paper analyzes the strategies for smoke extraction and air makeup in the underground construction. The paper points out that when the fire happens in a smoke bay, the neighborhood smoke extraction fan should be opened and the air makeup system should not be located at the top to disturb the smoke layer. By comparing and analyzing the performance of the smoke extraction and air conditioning system, the casualties caused by the high temperature toxic smoke from the fire can be reduced as far as possible.

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Numerical investigation on the effectiveness of positive pressure ventilation technology in a multi-layer subway station

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Environmental and Health Effects of Ventilation in Subway Stations: A Literature Review

Environmental and Health Effects of Ventilation in Subway Stations: A Literature Review

Integrated design for underground space environment control of subway stations with atriums using piston ventilation

Numerical Simulation of Smoke Control in Underground Space

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