Dispersion of an elastic wave propagating in a 76.2-mm-diameter (3 in.) Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar system was investigated with two consecutive pulses recorded in the transmitter bar. Assuming that the dispersive high frequency oscillatory components riding on the top of the main pulse originate from the first mode vibration, the dispersion was corrected by using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Fourier series expansion numerical schemes. The good agreement validates the assumption that only the first mode was significant. The dispersion correction technique was employed in a test of a concrete specimen having the same diameter as that of the SHPB. Better agreement of the two specimen-bar interface stresses versus time and fewer oscillations in the stress-strain curve demonstrated advantages of the application of dispersion corrections.
Structural phase transformation from multiwalled carbon nanotubes to nanocrystalline diamond by hydrogen plasma post-treatment was carried out. Ultrahigh equivalent diamond nucleation density above 10 11 nuclei/cm 2 was easily obtained. The diamond formation and growth mechanism was proposed to be the consequence of the formation of sp 3 bonded amorphous carbon clusters. The hydrogen chemisorption on curved graphite network and the energy deposited on the carbon nanotubes by continuous impingement of activated molecular or atomic hydrogen are responsible for the formation of amorphous carbon matrix. Diamond nucleates and grows in the way similar to that of diamond chemical vapor deposition processes on amorphous carbon films.
a b s t r a c tControlled atmosphere, radiation-driven gasification experiments were conducted on a series of synthetic polymers including poly(acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(-methyl methacrylate)-poly(vinyl chloride) alloy (Kydex) and polyetherimide. Mass loss rate and nonradiated surface temperature of coupon-sized material samples were measured simultaneously and recorded as a function of time. These temperature data were combined with the results of broadband radiation absorption measurements and previously conducted thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to characterize the transport of thermal energy inside the gasifying materials through inverse modeling. Subsequently, complete pyrolysis models, based on the kinetics and thermodynamics of the thermal decomposition derived from the TGA and DSC experiments, were formulated and employed to predict the mass loss rate histories obtained at 30e90 kW m À2 of external radiant heat flux simulating fire exposure. Satisfactory predictions were obtained for all materials with the exception of polyetherimide, which highly intumescent behavior introduced large uncertainties in the gasification conditions.
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