Numerical Investigation of Turbulent Junction Flow Horseshoe Vortex Dynamics

Junction flow inside and around three-row cylindrical group on rigid flat surface

“…The interaction of the separation flow and the downflow generates a system of horseshoe vortices that envelope the base of the obstacle. Horseshoe vortex structures are unstable, change their shape, number, circulation and location, interact with each other and the streamlined surface, pair and break under the action of Reynolds and viscous stresses ( Rona et al., 2020 ; Robison et al., 2021 ; Qi et al., 2022 ; Lin and Wu, 2022 ). On the lateral sides of the bluff body, separated shear layers are formed.…”

“…In recent years, many studies have been carried out on the research of vortex and jet flows between single and group structures of bluff bodies and junction flows, both by numerical and experimental methods. RANS, DNS, LES and DES methods with various turbulence models k-ε, k-ω, k-g, SSD and others were used for numerical simulations ( Duraisamy et al., 2019 ; Rona et al., 2020 ; Chang et al., 2020 ; Chen et al., 2020a , 2020b ; Monti et al., 2020 ; Robison et al., 2021 ; Koken and Constantinescu, 2021 ; Hassan and Jalal, 2021 ; Zhao et al., 2022 ). Experimental studies of the fields of velocity, pressure, temperature and other parameters were carried out using a wide variety of sensors, measuring systems and equipment for recording, processing and analyzing data ( Bateni et al., 2019 ; Gautam et al., 2019 ; Galan et al., 2019 ; Hamed et al., 2019 ; Priyanka et al., 2019 ; Guan et al., 2019 ; Karimaei and Zarrati, 2019 ; Zuccarello et al., 2020 ; Yang et al., 2020 , 2021 ).…”