Numerical investigation of kinetics of free‐radical polymerization on spinning disk reactor

Leveson, Philip; Dunk, William; Jachuck, Roshan

doi:10.1002/app.12762

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(8 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Significant enhancements in polymerisation rates have been obtained within thin films generated on the rotating reaction surface, compared to classical stirred tank reactors. Continuous production of nano-and micro-size particles via reactive crystallisation in SDRs has also been reported (Dehkordi and Vafaeimanesh, 2009;Leveson et al, 2003;Meeuwse et al, 2010;Tai et al, 2006;Tai et al, 2007). Spinning disc reactors also have the potential for the intensification of both gas-liquid operations (Meeuwse et al, 2010) and liquid-liquid reactions (Dehkordi, 2002) due to their excellent mass transfer and uniform micro mixing characteristics.…”

Section: Cpeczasopismapanpl; Degruytercom/view/j/cpementioning

confidence: 97%

CFD Numerical Simulation of Biodiesel Synthesis in a Spinning Disc Reactor

Wen¹,

Petera²

2015

Chemical and Process Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper a two-disc spinning disc reactor for intensified biodiesel synthesis is described and numerically simulated. The reactor consists of two flat discs, located coaxially and parallel to each other with a gap of 0.2 mm between the discs. The upper disc is located on a rotating shaft while the lower disc is stationary. The feed liquids, triglycerides (TG) and methanol are introduced coaxially along the centre line of rotating disc and stationary disc. Fluid hydrodynamics in the reactor for synthesis of biodiesel from TG and methanol in the presence of a sodium hydroxide catalyst are simulated, using convection-diffusion-reaction species transport model by the CFD software ANSYS©Fluent v. 13.0. The effect of the upper disc's spinning speed is evaluated. The results show that the rotational speed increase causes an increase of TG conversion despite the fact that the residence time decreases. Compared to data obtained from adequate experiments, the model shows a satisfactory agreement.

show abstract

Section: Cpeczasopismapanpl; Degruytercom/view/j/cpementioning

confidence: 97%

CFD Numerical Simulation of Biodiesel Synthesis in a Spinning Disc Reactor

Wen¹,

Petera²

2015

Chemical and Process Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To understand the phenomena that take place on the spinning disc surface, kinetic/mechanistic studies of free‐radical polymerization in an SDR have been carried out 10–12. There is a belief that the centrifugal forces and divergent nature of the reacting film on the spinning disc provide conditions that tend to minimize the termination of the macroradicals, and as a result, the polymerization rate is greatly increased 11. In another scenario, which is envisaged on the basis of the very low residence time of reaction media on the rotating disc surface, an equilibrium radical concentration is not achievable, and an increased radical population in the reaction medium leads to an enhanced polymerization rate 11…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although a number of research studies have been carried out to assess the effectiveness of SDR technology for the solution free‐radical polymerization of some vinyl monomers,1–3, 6–12 less attention has been paid to the performance of bulk free‐radical polymerizations in an SDR. In this research, the bulk free‐radical polymerization of styrene was carried out on a rotating disc surface at 70°C with 2,2‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10][11][12] There is a belief that the centrifugal forces and divergent nature of the reacting film on the spinning disc provide conditions that tend to minimize the termination of the macroradicals, and as a result, the polymerization rate is greatly increased. 11 In another scenario, which is envisaged on the basis of the very low residence time of reaction media on the rotating disc surface, an equilibrium radical concentration is not achievable, and an increased radical population in the reaction medium leads to an enhanced polymerization rate. 11 Although a number of research studies have been carried out to assess the effectiveness of SDR technology for the solution free-radical polymerization of some vinyl monomers, 1-3,6-12 less attention has been paid to the performance of bulk free-radical polymerizations in an SDR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bulk free‐radical polymerization of styrene on a spinning disc reactor

Moghbeli

Mohammadi

Alavi

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The bulk free-radical polymerization of styrene was carried out on a spinning disc reactor (SDR) with prepolymer feeds previously prepared in a stirred batch reactor at 70 C. The SDR significantly enhanced the reaction rate when the conversion of the prepolymer feed was about 50%. There was an optimal disc rotation speed, that is, 1500 rpm, at which the conversion enhancement was maximized. Increasing the disc rotation speed up to 1500 rpm increased the conversion, but a further increase beyond this speed caused the conversion enhancement to decrease. This behavior could be attributed to the dual effect of the disc speed (controlling both the residence time and the effective radial mixing of the reaction media) on the disc. On the other hand, the multipass disc feeding mode was used as an approach to increase the residence time and evolution of the conversion of the reacting mixture in the SDR. Surprisingly, a maximum conversion change of about 40% was achieved for a prepolymer feed of 50% after three passes across the rotating disc. Furthermore, the effect of multipass disc feeding on the molecular characteristics of the SDR products was investigated. In comparison with the results obtained at a feed conversion of 30%, the weightaverage molecular weight, the z-average molecular weight, and the polydispersity index of the three-pass SDR products prepared with a 50% feed conversion at a rotation speed of 1500 rpm were lower than those of the one-pass products. This behavior could be attributed to probable chain scission of long polymer chains as a result of the high shear and elongation forces that arose on the disc surface.

show abstract

Dynamic Thin Films in Controlling the Fabrication of Nanocarbon and Its Composites

Vimalanathan

Raston

2017

Adv Materials Technologies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

journey of discovery for other carbon nano materials, which have properties beyond those of the classical allotropes of carbon. Other new forms of more recently established nanocarbon include single walled carbon nanohorns, [13,14] carbon nanoonions, [15][16][17] carbon nanorings, [18][19][20] cup-stacked carbon nanotubes [21,22] and carbon hybrid materials. [23] Methods for fabricating carbon nanomaterials have been extensively studied, in establishing robust syntheses, which is important for their use in down stream applications. Conventional methods of fabricating these materials have evolved, using both the 'top down' and 'bottom up' approaches, with some advance towards developing more benign processes and in addressing the often-vexing question of scalability of the methods, but this is often rather challenging. Centuries ago, elemental carbon was known to exist as two natural occurring allotropes, diamond and graphite, which have different structures and properties. Their physical and chemical properties depend on the arrangement of the carbon atoms. Diamond has a tetrahedral arrangement of sp 3 carbon atoms while graphite is comprised of stacked sheets of graphene held together by van der Waals interactions. Each graphene sheet consists of sp 2 carbon atoms arranged in two-dimensional hexagonal lattices. Diamond is typically used as a transparent electrical insulator while graphite is a black soft material with excellent electrical conductivity. The spark of a new era in allotropes of carbon beyond diamond and graphite began with the discovery of fullerene C 60 and other members of the fullerene family such as C 70 . [24,25] Of particular importance are the onedimensional (1D) carbon nanotubes and two dimensional (2D) graphene sheets, which have created new avenues in material science. The physical and chemical interactions of these carbon nanomaterials are determined mainly by their geometrical structure and method of synthesis. Conventional batch processing methods have dominated the field of fabricating carbon nanostructures in various morphologies and dimensions for specific applications, but they can have limitations, specifically in terms of environmental impact issues, economic sustainability, scalability and the quality of the material. The ability to precisely control the formation of a diverse range of functional materials at the nanoscale length, with scalability incorporated into the processing, is important for future uptake by industry in a myriad of applications. This review focuses on the use of continuous flow thin film microfluidic platforms for the Thin film microfluidics are developed for a wide range of applications, including the synthesis of various types of nanocarbon material, involving both 'top down' and 'bottom up' continuous flow processing. This type of processing addresses scalability at the inception of the science, and is applicable not just to the synthesis of nanocarbon, but also composites or hybrid material where one or more components is nanocarbon. This review introd...

show abstract

Numerical investigation of kinetics of free‐radical polymerization on spinning disk reactor

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

CFD Numerical Simulation of Biodiesel Synthesis in a Spinning Disc Reactor

CFD Numerical Simulation of Biodiesel Synthesis in a Spinning Disc Reactor

Bulk free‐radical polymerization of styrene on a spinning disc reactor

Dynamic Thin Films in Controlling the Fabrication of Nanocarbon and Its Composites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About