Numerical estimation of lunar X-ray emission for X-ray spectrometer onboard SELENE

Ogawa, Kazunori; Okada, Tatsuaki; Shirai, Kei; Kato, Manabu

doi:10.1186/bf03352793

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Suppose a typical solar X-ray intensity and spectral profile of a C-class flare is considered, and the temperature of solar coronal regions is assumed to be 8 MK (Mewe et al, 1986;Ogawa et al, 2008). Assuming a surface elemental composition of soils similar to the Apollo 12 site (Heiken et al, 1991), we estimated relative XRF intensities with phase angle varying from 35…”

Section: Implications To Lunar Xrf Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory experiments of particle size effect in X-ray fluorescence and implications to remote X-ray spectrometry of lunar regolith surface

et al. 2008

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We performed laboratory experiments to investigate the effect of particle size in X-ray fluorescence (XRF) with respect to interpreting remote X-ray spectrometry. To simulate microscopic roughness of the uppermost surface of lunar regolith, we used powdery specimens of crashed rocks ranging 25 to 500 μm in size and flat rock plates for comparison. Our results show that XRF intensities from powdery specimens decrease relative to those from flat plates by up to 50%, especially for larger particle size and at increasing source-to-surface-to-detector angle (phase angle). Corrections should be required for elemental analysis by XRF spectrometry in the SELENE "Kaguya" and other planetary orbiter missions.

show abstract

Section: Implications To Lunar Xrf Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory experiments of particle size effect in X-ray fluorescence and implications to remote X-ray spectrometry of lunar regolith surface

et al. 2008

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Taking these into account, we still expect to make a quantitative observation with 20 km spatial resolution, both in cross-the-track and along-the-track direction with integration time of around 16 seconds for Mg, Al, Si, and possibly Ca, especially in equatorial region, while elements such as Ti and Fe in this spatial resolution will be limited to locations where solar activity happens to increase. These results are discussed and presented in the companion paper (Ogawa et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Instrumentation and performance evaluation of the XRS on SELENE orbiter

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The x-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRS) on board Japanese lunar polar orbiter SELENE (Kaguya) will provide global distribution of major elemental composition on the lunar surface in energy range of characteristic K-α x-ray line emission for Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, and Fe. These measurements will contribute to research of lunar origin and its evolution. The XRS shows a good energy resolution within 200 eV at 5.9 keV relying on charge coupled device (CCD) as photon energy dispersive detector. Total collective area of 100 cm 2 for main detector facing the lunar surface is composed of 16 CCD chips. Instrumentation of the XRS and its performance evaluated in laboratory are presented.

show abstract

“…The model composition of the samples is listed in Table S2 [29,30]. We consider 6.25 × 10 9 electrons with a monochromatic energy of 3, 5, and 10 keV that vertically collide with a flat sample surface and investigate X-ray photons with an emission angle of 0 • (vertical to the surface) [31,32]. The numerical results indicate that the counts at the K line for electron energies of 5 and 10 keV should be observed to be comparable or larger than that at the Si line (Tables S3−S5).…”

Section: Number Of Electrons Resulting In X-raymentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of Visible-Light and X-ray Emissions during Rock and Mineral Fracture: Role of Electrons Traveling between Fracture Surfaces

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Radiation phenomena are usually observed during fracture of quartz-bearing rocks. Since quartz is a piezoelectric material, the associated electrical processes such as the electrification of fracture surface and the flight of electrons between fracture surfaces should be important for radiation during fractures. In this article, supposing that travelling electrons between crack surfaces cause the radiation, we experimentally investigate X-ray emission in a vacuum and visible-light emission in the atmosphere during rock and mineral fracture and verify the consistency of both emissions. The number of electrons in flight between surfaces during fracture that result in X-ray is estimated and the comparison with the number of photons in visible light suggests that one electron repeatedly collides with N2 molecules. The estimated number of collisions resulting in a visible-light emission is slightly less than the expected upper limit. This is reasonable because the collision would cause the light emission not always in the wavelengths of visible light. Moreover, the number of electrons resulting in X-rays is comparable with the number of electrons resulting in the emission of radio waves during fracture obtained in previous studies. Thus, we conclude that the radiations during fracture can be attributed to the flight of electrons between fracture surfaces. Finally, we evaluate the feasibility of observing the X-ray emission in planetary exploration and the radio waves and the visible light in natural earthquakes and find that these radiations are observable.

show abstract

Numerical estimation of lunar X-ray emission for X-ray spectrometer onboard SELENE

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Laboratory experiments of particle size effect in X-ray fluorescence and implications to remote X-ray spectrometry of lunar regolith surface

Laboratory experiments of particle size effect in X-ray fluorescence and implications to remote X-ray spectrometry of lunar regolith surface

Instrumentation and performance evaluation of the XRS on SELENE orbiter

Experimental Investigation of Visible-Light and X-ray Emissions during Rock and Mineral Fracture: Role of Electrons Traveling between Fracture Surfaces

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About