Numerical and experimental analysis of bow flare slamming on a Ro–Ro vessel in regular oblique waves

Parametric Study of Numerical Prediction of Slamming and Whipping and an Experimental Validation for a 10,000-TEU Containership

“…The error levels exhibited similar trends in the results for Models I and II. The results of numerical and experimental studies of water entry events for various geometries can be found in the works of Hermundstad and Moan (2005) and .…”

A combined strip theory and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics approach for estimating slamming loads on a ship in head seas

“…Therefore, in order to accurately describe slamming pressures over an entire hull section, as is crucial for bow flare slamming analysis, the correct velocity profile throughout the slamming event must be used. Hermundstad and Moan (2005) and Sebastiani et al (2001) demonstrated that for minor slamming of a ship in head seas, the relative vertical velocity profile at each section is sinusoidal and unaffected by the local slamming loads. Consequently, for minor slamming the ship motions can be calculated independently of the slamming analysis, as described in Lloyd (1989).…”

“…Bow flare slamming is more complex than keel slamming, as the magnitude of the slamming pressure is dependent on the relative velocity profile through the entire water entry process. Hermundstad and Moan (2005) published one of the few ocean wave basin studies of bow flare slamming where the relative motions of the bow and the water surface were measured along with the corresponding slamming pressures. This investigation is of particular importance as the experiments can easily be reproduced numerically in order to validate theoretical methods.…”

“…The experiments of Hermundstad and Moan (2005) were simulated using SPH, with the intention of testing the ability of the two-dimensional method to accurately model slamming pressures on hull sections with a known relative vertical velocity profile. These experiments were conducted on a self-propelled 1:21.6 scale model of the 120 m car carrier Autoprestige in regular head seas with height 0.10 m and period 1.9 s. Pressure transducers were mounted beneath the knuckle at 0.05 L PP (length between perpendiculars) aft of the forward perpendicular, as illustrated in Figure 5a.…”

“…This approach was outlined by Lloyd (1989), where the linear ship motions in the frequency domain are employed. Hermundstad and Moan (2005) also calculated the ship motions and loads independently, first by calculating the nonlinear ship motions in the time domain and then by implementing a boundary element method to determine the slamming pressures with reasonable agreement.…”