Numerical analysis of economic and environmental benefits of marine fuel conversion from diesel oil to natural gas for container ships

Khalil

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

Emissions from vessels are a major environmental concern because of their impacts on the deterioration of the environment, especially global warming of the atmosphere. Therefore, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) concern significant care to environmental protection through the reduction of exhaust emission and improvement of energy efficiency through technical and operational measures. Among the suggested measures from IMO, the alternative fuel such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) has the priority to be used instead of fossil fuels. The present paper calculates the effect of using LNG in a dual fuel engine from Environmental and Energy efficiency perspectives. As a case study, a Container Ship has been investigated. The results of the analysis show that percent of CO2, NOx and SOx emissions reduction corresponding to using a dual-fuel engine operating by LNG instead of a diesel engine operating by Heavy Fuel Oil is about 30.1%,81.44%, and 96.94%, respectively. Also, the attained Energy Efficiency Index Value in the case of using the dual-fuel engine is lower than its value by using diesel engine by about 30% and this value will be 77.18%, 86.84%, and 99.27% of the required value of the first, second and third phases, respectively as recommended by IMO.

Section: Container Ship Case Studymentioning

confidence: 98%

Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Improvement by using Marine Alternative fuels in Maritime Transportation

Khalil

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

“…When looking based on g CO 2 per kilowatt-hour, it is found that it is proportional to the specific fuel consumption and also the conversion factor between fuel and CO 2 as discussed in Fig. 1 which concluded that the quantity of CO 2 emission depends on the fuel type (Elkafas et al 2020). On the other hand, SOx is proportional to the specific fuel consumption (SFC) and the content of sulfur in the fuel (S) so that the SO X emission energy-based rate (E SOx ) in g/kWh can be calculated by Eq.…”

Section: Calculation Of Exhaust Emissions Ratesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The required EEDI value can be calculated as presented in Eq. ( 1) (Polakis et al 2019;Elkafas et al 2020).…”

Section: Required Eedimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the attained EEDI in dual-fuel engine can be determined. The case study for the assessment process of energy efficiency and environmental impacts is selected to be (Elkafas et al 2020).…”

Section: Fig 2 Nox Limits In Marpol Annex VImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The EEDI intends to expand the energy efficiency of new ships after some time. Mandatory execution of EEDI quickens the procedure of energy saving and emission reduction in maritime transportation, and higher prerequisites are proposed for the improvement of green vessels (Elkafas et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Environmental protection and energy efficiency improvement by using natural gas fuel in maritime transportation

Khalil

Shouman

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

Self Cite

Emissions from vessels are a major environmental concern because of their impacts on the deterioration of the environment, especially global warming of the atmosphere. Therefore, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) concern significant care to environmental protection through the reduction of exhaust emission and improvement of energy efficiency through technical and operational measures. Among the suggested measures from IMO, the alternative fuel such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) has the priority to be used instead of fossil fuels. The present paper calculates the effect of using LNG in a dual fuel engine from Environmental and Energy efficiency perspectives. As a case study, a Container Ship has been investigated. The results of the analysis show that percent of CO 2 , NOx and SOx emissions reduction corresponding to using a dual-fuel engine operating by LNG instead of a diesel engine operating by Heavy Fuel Oil is about 30.1%,81.44%, and 96.94%, respectively. Also, the attained Energy Efficiency Index Value in the case of using the dual-fuel engine is lower than its value by using diesel engine by about 30% and this value will be 77.18%, 86.84%, and 99.27% of the required value of the first, second and third phases, respectively as recommended by IMO.

Advanced operational measure for reducing fuel consumption onboard ships

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

Self Cite

Environmental issues and targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have reinforced attempts to increase energy efficiency for all stakeholders, including the shipping industry. International maritime organization (IMO) has prescribed operational and design measures to develop energy efficiency and decrease ship emissions, and one of the effective operational measures is trim optimization, which is a feasible measure because it does not necessitate ship structural modification or engine advancement, but it can reduce the ship resistance and decrease fuel consumption. The study of trim optimization can be implemented by conducting experimental tests, but it is a difficult, expensive method and consumed more time. Therefore, the present paper proposes a numerical method to predict the optimum trim which achieves the minimum ship resistance and lower fuel consumption. The current paper investigated two types of ships as a case study, bulk carrier, and container ship. The optimization process has studied several trim conditions, ship drafts, and speeds. The results showed that positive trim (trim by bow) have an increasing effect on fuel consumption, while the negative trim (trim by stern) have a decreasing effect on fuel consumption. Fuel-saving based on using optimum trim at each speed is a significant quantity to be benefited as it would reduce the operating costs and increase the energy efficiency.