Numerical Analysis of a Multi-Component Ballistic Panel

Abstract

The paper presents a numerical study of a two layer composite panel impacted by an AP (Armour Piercing) 14.5x118mm B32 projectile. The panel consists of a number of pyramid ceramic components supported by an aluminium plate. The studied model is compared with a reference structure in which ceramic layer is in a form of a plate. The problem has been solved with the usage of modelling and simulation methods as well as a finite elements method implemented in LS-DYNA software. Space discretization for each option was built with three dimension elements guaranteeing satisfying accuracy of the calculations. For material behaviour simulation, specific models including the influence of the strain rate and temperature changes were considered. A steel projectile and aluminium plate material were described by Johnson-Cook model and a ceramic target by Johnson-Holmquist model. In the studied panels, the area surrounding back edges was supported by a rigid wall. The obtained results show interesting properties of the examined structures considering their ballistic resistance. All tests have given clear results about ballistic protection panel response under AP projectile impact. Panels consisting of sets of pyramids are slightly easier to penetrate. Despite this fact, a ceramic layer is much less susceptible to overall destruction what makes it more applicable for the armour usage. Furthermore, a little influence of the projectile impact point and consequently a part of the pyramid, which is first destroyed, is proved.

Evaluating the Structural Response of Ceramic-Metal Laminate under Ballistic Impact

“…Dresch et al [1] evaluated ceramics mechanical characteristics and their influence on dynamic ballistic performance, noting the role of the elastic modulus in improving energy absorption. Other researchers studied ceramic Al 2 O 3 as the front layer and different aluminium properties as the back plate [12]- [15]. Guo et al [4] evaluated a model with a ceramic-filled honeycomb and Kevlar-29 backing, while Mahfuz et al [16] investigated the response of an armor system to ballistic impact and found that the initial compression stress changed to tensile stress, illuminating material behavior during ballistic events.…”

“…Building on previous investigations, ceramic analysis often relies on the Johnson-Holmquist damage model, recognised for its applicability to capture the mechanical response of materials with high compressive strength and low tensile strength and the inherent characteristics of ceramics [2], [4], [6], [9], [12]. This model finds widespread use in achieving precise numerical simulations of armor penetration arising from ballistic impacts [7], [11], [13]- [14].…”