Nudging citizens through technology in smart cities

Ranchordás, Sofia

doi:10.1080/13600869.2019.1590928

Cited by 51 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…As an example, technology-especially the IoT-has recently started being combined with behavioral insights to nudge citizens toward decisions conducive to policy goals (Gandy and Nemorin, 2019). However, especially in the urban context, it is not clear yet whether data-driven nudges are conducive to promoting a truly citizen-centric space (Ranchordas, 2019). As an example, citizens might be merely interpreted as passive subjects that need interventions aimed at harnessing their cognitive and motivational deficiencies (Hertwig, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Behaviorally Informed Urban Living Labs Foster the Energy Transition in Cities?

Valle

Gantioler

Tomasi

2021

Front. Sustain. Cities

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Identifying governance schemes that promote cooperation among urban stakeholders is a priority in a context where rapid urbanization poses multiple and complex challenges for ensuring the sustainability of cities. Smart cities offer promising governance approaches, especially in the framework of the concept of Urban Living Labs (ULLs), as an enabling environment for so-called user-centric co-creation processes. While embedding a potential to promote solutions that tackle the challenges of urbanization, especially in relation to the energy transition, it is not yet clear how ULLs can effectively involve all relevant actors nor the extent of their impact, especially regarding behaviors. The study first analyzes the interplay between the challenge of urban energy transition and local governance schemes. Then, it explores how findings from behavioral sciences can inform the design of ULLs to effectively promote active engagement in the urban energy transition. Finally, it reviews the theoretical findings in relation to the ULL that has been taking shape in the city of Trento, Italy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Behaviorally Informed Urban Living Labs Foster the Energy Transition in Cities?

Valle

Gantioler

Tomasi

2021

Front. Sustain. Cities

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“…As for the second factor, so called "nudging" is one example of a state practice involving a mix of different kinds of AI which very rarely is met with resistance from legal scholars. 1 Nudges are by definition nonregulatory measures that aim to influence individuals to change behavior without removing their freedom of choice (Ranchordás, 2019). Strictly speaking, this means that nudges cannot be regarded as challenging to the concept of human agency in ways that could affect the application of laws.…”

Section: Artificial Intelligence and The Question Of Law's End Ultimatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To this end, they constitute good examples of a public and normative use of AI that appears completely harmless for legal practices and therefore natural to endorse from a perspective of law. There are also examples of 1 Nudging denominates incentives given by smart cities for people to act in certain determined way which they have established by way of employing the Internet of Things, big data, and algorithms (see Ranchordás, 2019).…”

Section: Artificial Intelligence and The Question Of Law's End Ultimatementioning

confidence: 99%

Maimonides and a Legal Response to Artificial Intelligence

Dahlbeck¹

2021

LEAP

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In the 13 th century, Maimonides revolutionized Jewish jurisprudence by arguing that in contrast with traditional rabbinic views of the Torah's commandments (i.e. the written divine law) as ends in themselves, Scripture's commands were better viewed as means to the end of a truthful, rational understanding of the world. The material content of the law was always to be understood as accompanied by an additional layer of fundamental formulations of beliefs and opinions regarding God and nature. Maimonides' theory of law began with the idea that human nature was perfected to the extent that it achieved a rational understanding of things. By holding that the ultimate end of law was to function as a means for the realization of human perfection, Maimonides placed a tool for social stability at the heart of the individual striving for ethical flourishing. In this article, I argue that Maimonides' understanding of law's ultimate end may help us deal with the question of how to approach the phenomenon of an ever-increasing reliance on AI in modern life from the perspective of law. My argument suggests that AI can be understood as a threat to law's natural and (according to Maimonides) necessary participation in the ethical process towards intellectual perfection.

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“…Bullock, 2019: 757). The following findings focus on the design characteristics of algorithms in organizational contexts in general and, thereby, exclude more specific objectives of algorithmic design such as 'nudging algorithms' (O'Keeffe et al, 2019;Ranchordás, 2019) or 'dark patterns' (Brignull & Rogers, 2003;Gray et al, 2018).…”

Section: Algorithmic Agency Through Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The agency of algorithms: Understanding human-algorithm interaction in administrative decision-making

Peeters¹

2020

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With the rise of computer algorithms in administrative decision-making, concerns are voiced about their lack of transparency and discretionary space for human decision-makers. However, calls to ‘keep humans in the loop’ may be moot points if we fail to understand how algorithms impact human decision-making and how algorithmic design impacts the practical possibilities for transparency and human discretion. Through a review of recent academic literature, three algorithmic design variables that determine the preconditions for human transparency and discretion and four main sources of variation in ‘human-algorithm interaction’ are identified. The article makes two contributions. First, the existing evidence is analysed and organized to demonstrate that, by working upon behavioural mechanisms of decision-making, the agency of algorithms extends beyond their computer code and can profoundly impact human behaviour and decision-making. Second, a research agenda for studying how computer algorithms affect administrative decision-making is proposed.

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Nudging citizens through technology in smart cities

Cited by 51 publications

References 81 publications

Can Behaviorally Informed Urban Living Labs Foster the Energy Transition in Cities?

Can Behaviorally Informed Urban Living Labs Foster the Energy Transition in Cities?

Maimonides and a Legal Response to Artificial Intelligence

The agency of algorithms: Understanding human-algorithm interaction in administrative decision-making

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