Nuclide production by proton-induced reactions on elements (6 ≤ Z ≤ 29) in the energy range from 800 to 2600 MeV

Michel, R.; Filges, D.; Dragovitsch, P.; Leya, I.; Gloris, M.; Baur, H.; Herpers, U.; Suter, M.; Roesel, R.; Luepke, Matthias; Kubik, Peter W.; Lange, H. J.; Schiekel, Th.; Dittrich-Hannen, B.; Wieler, R.; Woêlfli, W.; Hofmann, Hans

doi:10.1016/0168-583x(95)00566-8

Cited by 129 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…It is clear that the model predictions are in the right ballpark for neutron removal, but they overestimate the proton-removal data by a factor that can be as large as 3-4 for heavy nuclei. Note that the experimental data are globally consistent, even though they have been collected in inverse-kinematics experiments [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] or by off-line gamma spectroscopy [3,[22][23][24].…”

Section: One-nucleon Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the description of proton-induced one-nucleon removal in intranuclear-cascade models

et al. 2015

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It is a well-established fact that intranuclear-cascade models generally overestimate the cross sections for one-proton removal from heavy, stable nuclei by a high-energy proton beam, but they yield reasonable predictions for one-neutron removal from the same nuclei and for one-nucleon removal from light targets. We use simple shell-model calculations to investigate the reasons for this deficiency. We find that a refined description of the neutron skin and of the energy density in the nuclear surface is crucial for the aforementioned observables, and that neither ingredient is sufficient if taken separately. As a by-product, the predictions for removal of several nucleons are also improved by the refined treatment.

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Section: One-nucleon Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the description of proton-induced one-nucleon removal in intranuclear-cascade models

et al. 2015

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“…Higher energy cross-section measurements (E∼365-600 MeV/nucleon, from Webber et al, 1990Webber et al, , 1998 for p+CNO→LiBeB reactions have also been made. Michel et al (1995) gives 7,10 Be production cross sections for fragmentation of CNO on hydrogen over a range of energies E∼800-2600 MeV/nucleon. In addition, measurements for He+CN→BeB reactions at 600 MeV/nucleon (Webber et al, 1990) and α + α → Li, 7 Be at 60-160 MeV (Mercer et al, 1997) are available.…”

Section: Gcr Propagation Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of the Li, Be, and B isotopes and constraints on cosmic-ray propagation

Nolfo

Moskalenko

Binns³

et al. 2006

Advances in Space Research

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The abundance of Li, Be, and B isotopes in galactic cosmic rays (GCR) between E=50-200 MeV/nucleon has been observed by the Cosmic Ray Isotope Spectrometer (CRIS) on NASA's ACE mission since 1997 with high statistical accuracy. Precise observations of Li, Be, B can be used to constrain GCR propagation models. We find that a diffusive reacceleration model with parameters that best match CRIS results (e.g. B/C, Li/C, etc) are also consistent with other GCR observations. A ∼15-20% overproduction of Li and Be in the model predictions is attributed to uncertainties in the production cross-section data. The latter becomes a significant limitation to the study of rare GCR species that are generated predominantly via spallation.

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“…This is a consequence of recent measurements of cross sections for residual nuclide production by proton-induced reactions performed by our group at Los Alamos National Laboratory and LNS between 800 and 2600 MeV (Lupke, 1993;Michel et al, 1995bMichel et al, , 1997Schiekel et al, 1996). It was realized in this work that secondary particles (e.g., protons, neutrons, and light heavy ions, such as 2H, 3H, and 4He) can also severely affect thin-target experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of the interaction of galactic cosmic‐ray protons with meteoroids: On the production of radionuclides in thick gabbro and iron targets irradiated isotropically with 1.6 GeV protons

Leya

Lange

Lüpke

et al. 2000

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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— Thick spherical targets made of gabbro (R = 25 cm) and of steel (R = 10 cm) were irradiated isotropically with 1.6 GeV protons at the Saturne synchrotron at Laboratoire National Saturne (LNS)/CEN Saclay in order to simulate the interaction in space of galactic cosmic‐ray (GCR) protons with stony and iron meteoroids. Proton fluences of 1.32 × 1014 cm−2 and 2.45 × 1014 cm−2 were received by the gabbro and iron sphere, respectively, which corresponds to cosmic‐ray exposure ages of about 1.6 and 3.0 Ma. Both artificial meteoroids contained large numbers of high‐purity target foils of up to 28 elements at different depths. In these individual target foils, elementary production rates of radionuclides and rare gas isotopes were measured by x‐ and γ‐spectrometry, by low‐level counting, accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), and by conventional rare gas mass spectrometry. Also samples of the gabbro itself were analyzed. Up to now, for each of the experiments, ∼500 target‐product combinations were investigated of which the results for radionuclides are presented here. The experimental production rates show a wide range of depth profiles reflecting the differences between low‐, medium‐, and high‐energy products. The influence of the stony and iron matrices on the production of secondary particles and on particle transport, in general, and consequently on the production rates is clearly exhibited by the phenomenology of the production rates as well as by a detailed theoretical analysis. Theoretical production rates were calculated in an a priori way by folding depth‐dependent spectra of primary and secondary protons and secondary neutrons calculated by Monte Carlo techniques with the excitation functions of the underlying nuclear reactions. Discrepancies of up to a factor of 2 between the experimental and a priori calculated depth profiles are attributed to the poor quality of the mostly theoretical neutron excitation functions. Improved neutron excitation functions were obtained by least‐squares deconvolution techniques from experimental thick‐target production rates of up to five thick‐target experiments in which isotropic irradiations were performed. A posteriori calculations using the adjusted neutron cross sections describe the measured depth profiles of all these simulation experiments within 9%. The thus validated model calculations provide a basis for reliable physical model calculations of the production rates of cosmogenic nuclides in stony and iron meteorites as well as in lunar samples and terrestrial materials.

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Nuclide production by proton-induced reactions on elements (6 ≤ Z ≤ 29) in the energy range from 800 to 2600 MeV

Cited by 129 publications

References 106 publications

Improving the description of proton-induced one-nucleon removal in intranuclear-cascade models

Improving the description of proton-induced one-nucleon removal in intranuclear-cascade models

Observations of the Li, Be, and B isotopes and constraints on cosmic-ray propagation

Simulation of the interaction of galactic cosmic‐ray protons with meteoroids: On the production of radionuclides in thick gabbro and iron targets irradiated isotropically with 1.6 GeV protons

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