Nucleation and growth of selenium electrodeposition onto tin oxide electrode

Lai, Yanqing; Liu, Fangyang; Li, Jie; Zhang, Zhian; Liu, Yexiang

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2009.11.026

Cited by 83 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…The authors of that work pointed out that the selenium deposited at room temperature on an SnO 2 electrode exerts a passivating effect, and no limiting current is observed. Other authors report two well-defined cathodic features on conducting tin oxide electrodes in acidic chloride solutions [13,25,26]. The first, which occurs in the potential range from −0.2 to −0.4 V vs. SCE, corresponds to bulk selenium deposition through four-electron reduction:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In the works mentioned above, little attention was generally devoted to studying the electrochemical behavior of Se(IV) at the SnO 2 electrode, meaning that information on this behavior is still relatively scarce. A literature survey shows that only a few papers have discussed the reduction of Se(IV) on SnO 2 [5,13,[24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lai et al [25] studied the nucleation and growth stages of the deposition of selenium onto a nonconducting SnO 2 electrode in acidic LiCl solution. The authors concluded that, at low overpotentials, the electrodeposition of Se onto a nonconducting SnO 2 surface proceeds by 2D growth under instantaneous nucleation followed by a multilayer spiral mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Electrochemical behavior of SeO2 in sodium citrate solution on a polycrystalline SnO2 electrode

Dukštienė

Sinkevičiūtė

Tatariškinaitė³

2015

J Solid State Electrochem

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Preliminary results regarding the electrochemical behavior of Se(IV) in sodium citrate solution on a polycrystalline SnO 2 electrode are presented. A schematic diagram of the energy levels for an n-type SnO 2 electrode in contact with the working electrolyte was constructed. The results of cyclic voltammetry (CV) show that SeO 3 2− reduction occurs through a surface state in a complex multistep pathway. After a minute amount of Se is deposited, the electrode is expected to behave locally like a Schottky diode in contact with the solution. CV analysis and current transient results indicate that selenium growth on the polycrystalline SnO 2 surface proceeds without nucleation. A thin Se film obtained at a potential of −0.8 V vs. Ag|AgCl, KCl (sat) was analyzed by lateral force and atomic force microscopy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electrochemical behavior of SeO2 in sodium citrate solution on a polycrystalline SnO2 electrode

Dukštienė

Sinkevičiūtė

Tatariškinaitė³

2015

J Solid State Electrochem

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“…Dendritic rather than smooth deposits were thus obtained although instantaneous nucleation usually implies smooth deposition. It has been shown that in aqueous solutions, the nucleation mechanism of Se at an SnO 2 /glass electrode varies with the applied potential; 65 at low overpotential, Se deposition proceeded in a two-dimensional (2D) instantaneous nucleation, followed by multilayer spiral growth, whereas at high overpotential, 3D instantaneous nucleation was observed. In choline chloride-urea IL, the experimental i-t curves of Se electrodeposition at a gold electrode were either very close to the 3D instantaneous theoretical curve or between the two theoretical cases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltammetric Study of Selenium and Two-Stage Electrodeposition of Photoelectrochemically Active Zinc Selenide Semiconductor Films in Ionic Liquid Zinc Chloride-1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride

Pai

Hsieh

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Ionic liquid zinc chloride-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (IL ZnCl 2 -EMICl) with a ZnCl 2 /EMICl ratio of 40/60 mol% was used as the electrolyte to study the voltammetric behavior of Se(IV) introduced into the IL as selenium chloride (SeCl 4 ) or selenium oxide (SeO 2 ). The electrodeposition of ZnSe was performed using constant-potential electrolysis at tungsten electrodes via a two-stage approach from the IL with and without SeO 2 . The nucleation mechanism of Se at the tungsten electrodes agrees better with the three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation than the progressive nucleation based on Sharifker's model. Crystalline Se and approximately stoichiometric crystalline ZnSe electrodeposits could be obtained from this system. The ZnSe films showed photoelectrochemical activity with a bandgap energy of ∼2.5 eV. According to the experiments of the dependence of the photocurrent on the applied potential, the ZnSe film was determined to be a p-type semiconductor with the flatband potential V FB of −0. Zinc selenide (ZnSe) is a II-VI semiconductor that belongs to the chalcogenide family. ZnSe is usually obtained as a n-type semiconductor with a wide bandgap (2.67-2.7 eV). p-type ZnSe, which is very likely due to excess Se in the deposits, has been prepared using electrodeposition.1 ZnSe has been reported to be a useful material for various optoelectronic devices, such as lightemitting devices, window layers for solar cells, photovoltaic cells, laser screens, film transistors, photoelectrochemical cells, and optical components for infrared lasers. 19,25 Compared with these approaches, electrodeposition is more attractive [26][27][28][29] in terms of convenience, cost, and suitability for the large-scale production of thin films. Moreover, the surface morphology, composition, and properties of semiconductors can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the operating parameters such as electrodeposition potential or current, potential waveforms (constant potential or pulse potential), concentration of precursors, temperature, and additives. Therefore, ZnSe has been widely prepared using electrodeposition, with mostly successful results. Most electrodepositions of ZnSe were carried out cathodically in acidic aqueous baths containing Zn(II) and SeO 2 . [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] In acidic solutions, SeO 2 dissolves to form H 2 SeO 3 . ZnSe has also been electrodeposited from alkaline aqueous baths. [38][39][40] In alkaline solutions, Zn(II) and SeSO 3 2− are most frequently used as the precursors, and complexing agents, such as EDTA, are usually needed for forming strong complex ions with Zn 2+ to prevent the chemical precipitation of ZnSe, which is produced from the reaction between Zn(II) and SeSO 3 2− . Few studies have electrodeposited ZnSe from nonaqueous baths such as dimethylsulfoxide [41][42][43] and molten salts (CaCl 2 -NaCl at 550• C). 44,45 In almost all recent studies and applications of ZnSe semiconductors, ZnSe has been prepared using electrodeposition from aqueous baths. [46][47][48] 28,29,[50]...

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“…After applying the potential step, due to the double layer charging, a rise and then fall in current can be observed, which is characteristic of Bi nucleation and growth. 14,15,24 In this latter region, the current maximum (I max ) increases while the time (t max ) required to reach I max decreases with increasing overpotential as a consequence of the higher nucleation densities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleation and Growth of Bismuth Electrodeposition from Alkaline Electrolyte

Zhou¹,

Dai²,

Zhang³

et al. 2012

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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The early stages of bismuth (Bi) electrodeposition on glass carbon electrode from alkaline electrolyte were studied by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The CV analysis showed that the electrodeposition of Bi was determined to be quasireversible process with diffusion controlled. The current transients for Bi electrodeposition were analyzed according to the Scharifker-Hills model and the Heerman-Tarallo model. It can be concluded that the nucleation and growth mechanism was carried out under a 3D instantaneous nucleation, which was confirmed by SEM analysis. The kinetic growth parameters were obtained through a nonlinear fitting. In addition, the Bi film obtaining at −0.86 V for 1 hour was of compact and uniform surface with good smoothness, small roughness and a very high purity. The Bi film were indexed to rhombohedral crystal structure with preferred orientation of (0 1 2) planes to growth.

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Nucleation and growth of selenium electrodeposition onto tin oxide electrode

Cited by 83 publications

References 37 publications

Electrochemical behavior of SeO2 in sodium citrate solution on a polycrystalline SnO2 electrode

Electrochemical behavior of SeO2 in sodium citrate solution on a polycrystalline SnO2 electrode

Voltammetric Study of Selenium and Two-Stage Electrodeposition of Photoelectrochemically Active Zinc Selenide Semiconductor Films in Ionic Liquid Zinc Chloride-1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride

Nucleation and Growth of Bismuth Electrodeposition from Alkaline Electrolyte

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