Nuclear forensics—a methodology providing clues on the origin of illicitly trafficked nuclear materials

Mayer, Klaus; Wallenius, Maria; Ray, I.L.F.

doi:10.1039/b412922a

Cited by 195 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Uranium isotope ratios are useful signatures in U series geochemistry [1][2][3], radiochronometry/geochronology [4,5], nuclear forensics and nuclear nonproliferation studies [6,7]. Microanalytical techniques including secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and laser ablation inductively-coupled mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) have made high precision, spatially resolved analysis of U isotope ratios possible, which has yielded new insights into complex materials [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Homogeneity of the Uranium Isotope Composition of NIST SRM 610/611 by MC-ICP-MS, MC-TIMS, and SIMS

et al. 2014

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Abstract:As analytical and microanalytical applications employing uranium isotope ratios increase, so does the need for reliable reference materials, particularly in the fields of geochemistry, geochronology, and nuclear forensics. We present working values for uranium isotopic data of NIST 610/611 glass, collected by multicollector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), multicollector thermal ionization mass spectrometry (MC-TIMS), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The presence of depleted U, and, in this case, measureable 236 U, makes NIST 610/611 an ideal candidate for a uranium isotopic reference material for nuclear materials. We analyzed multiple chips of three different NIST 611 wafers and found no heterogeneity in U within or between the wafers, within analytical uncertainty. We determined working values and uncertainties (using a coverage factor of two) using data from this study and the literature for the following U isotope ratios:

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Homogeneity of the Uranium Isotope Composition of NIST SRM 610/611 by MC-ICP-MS, MC-TIMS, and SIMS

et al. 2014

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“…Auzitegi-zientzia nuklearrak konfiskatutako material nuklear ez-legalari buruzko informazioa (jatorria eta erabilera-asmoa) eskaintzea du helburu. Informazio horrek berebiziko garrantzia du segurtasun nuklearra sustatzeko eta galerak edo lapurretak saihesteko [78,79]. Uranio-mea kontzentratua meategian bertan egindako aurrearazketa prozesuaren ondoren lortzen da eta, ondoren, instalazio nuklearretara garraiatzen da kontzentrazio prozesuarekin jarraitzeko.…”

Section: Materials Nuklearraren Trafikoaren Aurkako Borrokaunclassified

Laser bidezko ablazioaren egungo egoera eta aplikazioak

Grijalba¹,

Claverie²,

Donard³

et al. 2017

EKAIA

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Laburpena: 80ko hamarkadaz geroztik, laser bidezko ablazioa eta akoplamendu induktibozko plasma-masa espektrometria (LA-ICPMS) konbinatzen dituen teknika analitikoa sakonki ikertu eta garatu da, eta, gaur egun, lagin solidoen analisi elemental zein isotopiko zuzena egiteko erreferentziazko teknika bilakatu da. Ezaugarri bereizgarrienak hauexek dira: erabilpen erraza, analisi-denbora laburra, laginari eragindako kalte urriak, sentsibilitate handia eta elementu nagusi zein minoritarioen eta ratio isotopikoen aldibereko neurketa ahalbidetzen duen tarte dinamiko zabala. Lan honetan, LA-ICPMS teknikaren oinarriak eta konfigurazio orokorra azaldu eta femtosegundo/ nanosegundo laser bidezko ablazioaren erabileraren arteko desberdintasun nagusiak nabarmentzen dira. Azkenik, teknika honen egungo egoeraz jabetzeko, jatorri askotariko laginen analisi elementala laburbildu eta berrikusten da biologian eta ingurumenean, osasunean, geokimikan zein auzitegi zientzien alorretan.Hitz gakoak: Laser bidezko ablazioa (LA), akoplamendu induktibozko plasma-masa espektrometria (ICPMS), femtosegundo, nanosegundo, lagin solidoen analisi zuzena. Abstract:Since the early 80s, laser-ablation inductively-coupled-plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) has been widely explored and nowadays is considered to be one of the most versatile analytical techniques for the direct trace elemental and isotopic analyses of solid samples. The most remarkable features are ease of use, fast sample throughput, limited sample damages, high sensitivity and wide dynamic range which allows the simultaneous acquisition of major and trace elements, as well as the meas-EKAIA 31.indd 45 EKAIA 31.indd 45

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“…This is often limited by the ability of a SIMS instrument to distinguish between an isotope (say 236 U = 236.046 amu) and a molecule of a neighboring isotope bound to a hydrogen atom ( 235 UH = 236.052 amu). This requires very high resolving power, defined as R = M ∆M , where M is the mass to be measured and ∆M is the smallest mass Table 1.1: Typically achieved uncertainties for nuclear forensic applications by traditional mass spectrometric techniques [1].…”

Section: Current Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantifying uranium isotope abundances in nuclear materials is an integral component of these efforts [3,4,5]. These efforts include nuclear safeguards, non-proliferation, environmental monitoring and forensic investigations of nuclear materials 1 . All share similar questions: Is this material natural or anthropogenic?…”

Section: Introduction 11 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RIMS is now routinely used for high-sensitivity and high-selectivity measurements of trace element and isotope composition in environmental [10,11,12] and extraterrestrial samples [13,14]. 1 The field of nuclear safeguards aims to ensure that the nuclear materials and processes used in nuclear power applications are not used the development of nuclear weapons. Nuclear non-proliferation is the attempt to prevent the spread of weapons-grade nuclear materials and the technical capabilities necessary to fabricate nuclear weapons.…”

Section: Introduction 11 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Quantifying Uranium Isotope Ratios Using Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry: The Influence of Laser Parameters on Relative Ionization Probability

Isselhardt

2011

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Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry (RIMS) has been developed as a method to measure relative uranium isotope abundances. In this approach, RIMS is used as an elementselective ionization process to provide a distinction between uranium atoms and potential isobars without the aid of chemical purification and separation. We explore the laser parameters critical to the ionization process and their effects on the measured isotope ratio. Specifically, the use of broad bandwidth lasers with automated feedback control of wavelength was applied to the measurement of 235 U/ 238 U ratios to decrease laser-induced isotopic fractionation. By broadening the bandwidth of the first laser in a 3-color, 3-photon ionization process from a bandwidth of 1.8 GHz to about 10 GHz , the variation in sequential relative isotope abundance measurements decreased from >10% to less than 0.5%. This procedure was demonstrated for the direct interrogation of uranium oxide targets with essentially no sample preparation. A rate equation model for predicting the relative ionization probability has been developed to study the effect of variation in laser parameters on the measured isotope ratio. This work demonstrates that RIMS can be used for the robust measurement of uranium isotope ratios. Professor Stanley G. Prussin Dissertation Committee Chair iThis dissertation is dedicated to all those who have invested in me, especially my wife and son who have given the most.ii

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Nuclear forensics—a methodology providing clues on the origin of illicitly trafficked nuclear materials

Cited by 195 publications

References 16 publications

Evaluation of the Homogeneity of the Uranium Isotope Composition of NIST SRM 610/611 by MC-ICP-MS, MC-TIMS, and SIMS

Evaluation of the Homogeneity of the Uranium Isotope Composition of NIST SRM 610/611 by MC-ICP-MS, MC-TIMS, and SIMS

Laser bidezko ablazioaren egungo egoera eta aplikazioak

Quantifying Uranium Isotope Ratios Using Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry: The Influence of Laser Parameters on Relative Ionization Probability

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