Nuclear DNA content in the genera Zea and Sorghum. Intergeneric, interspecific and intraspecific variation

Laurie, D. A.; Bennett, M. D.

doi:10.1038/hdy.1985.112

Cited by 213 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Z. luxurians accessions G-5 and G-42 were measured as 4481 and 4525 Mb, compared with 2589 Mb and 2365 Mb for Z. diploperennis accession 1190 and B73 maize, respectively (Laurie and Bennett, 1985). The reason for this genome size variation is not known.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The near doubling in the last 1-2 million years of genome size in Z. luxurians, without polyploidy, as compared to Z. diploperennis and Z. mays, provides an excellent study system (Laurie and Bennett, 1985). Genome size is also known to be quite variable (440%) even within Z. mays, but this is mostly associated with very different quantities of B chromosomes and/or knob repeats (reviewed in Poggio et al, 1998), which can build up by random or selected segregation processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant materials for DNA preparation were derived from seed provided by K Devos of the University of Georgia (pearl millet inbred TIFT23DB), HJ Price of Texas A&M University (Sorghum propinquum designated TAMU) and John Doebley of the University Wisconsin-Madison for the same teosinte lines used to estimate nuclear DNA content for Zea luxurians (Iltis G-5 and G-42) and Zea diploperennis (Iltis 1190) (Laurie and Bennett, 1985). Nuclear DNA from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) was provided by A D'Hont from CIRAD in Montpellier, France (variety Black Cheribon).…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Sequence Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The dynamics of LTR retrotransposon accumulation across 25 million years of panicoid grass evolution

2013

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Sample sequence analysis was employed to investigate the repetitive DNAs that were most responsible for the evolved variation in genome content across seven panicoid grasses with 45-fold variation in genome size and different histories of polyploidy. In all cases, the most abundant repeats were LTR retrotransposons, but the particular families that had become dominant were found to be different in the Pennisetum, Saccharum, Sorghum and Zea lineages. One element family, Huck, has been very active in all of the studied species over the last few million years. This suggests the transmittal of an active or quiescent autonomous set of Huck elements to this lineage at the founding of the panicoids. Similarly, independent recent activity of Ji and Opie elements in Zea and of Leviathan elements in Sorghum and Saccharum species suggests that members of these families with exceptional activation potential were present in the genome(s) of the founders of these lineages. In a detailed analysis of the Zea lineage, the combined action of several families of LTR retrotransposons were observed to have approximately doubled the genome size of Zea luxurians relative to Zea mays and Zea diploperennis in just the last few million years. One of the LTR retrotransposon amplification bursts in Zea may have been initiated by polyploidy, but the great majority of transposable element activations are not. Instead, the results suggest random activation of a few or many LTR retrotransposons families in particular lineages over evolutionary time, with some families especially prone to future activation and hyper-amplification.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Preparation and Sequence Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The dynamics of LTR retrotransposon accumulation across 25 million years of panicoid grass evolution

2013

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“…Indeed, larger intraspecific differences in genome size have also been reported. For example, studies on Zea mays (Laurie & Bennett 1985) and Poa annua (Mowforth & Grime 1989) have also detected differences in DNA amount within species. In the latter case, the 2C DNA amount varied from 2.9 pg to 5.2 pg.…”

Section: Differences In Nuclear Dna Amountmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature responses and nuclear DNA amounts of seven white clover populations which differ in early spring growth rates

Campbell

Caradus

Hunt

1999

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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The growth of seven white clover populations differing in morphology, geographic origin, and seasonality of growth was measured at constant temperatures ranging from 5°C to 25°C in controlled environment chambers. All populations showed increased growth up to a maximum of 20-25°C, but there were significant shifts in the relative performance of the populations at different temperatures. Leaf appearance rates, leaf sizes, and stolon extension rates were all differentially affected by temperature. Growth potential in the late winter to early spring period in the warm-temperate New Zealand climate appeared to be strongly related to the ability of plants to grow at 5°C. The most rapid growing populations at 5°C ('Daeno', ML-48-65) originated from continental climates. Differences of up to 21% in 2C nuclear DNA amounts were measured between the white clover populations by microdensitometry. The results were generally consistent with the prediction that large genome size is associated with capacity for growth at low temperatures, whereas small genome size is associated with superior growth at higher temperatures. The two closely-related Pitau and G49 populations were an exception to this trend.

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“…These highly repetitive DNA sequences reach a certain level and become stabilized during microevolution and gradual selection (Price et al 1980). Such interspecific variation in DNA amount is not unique to angiosperm species (Laurie andBennet 1985, Rayburn et al 1989). B. cylindrical, along with B. parviflora, has adapted to the comparatively low saline areas in the mangrove community, while B. sexangula and B. gymnorrhiza have adapted to the comparatively high saline zones of mangroves, suggesting species adaptability through chromosomal structural alterations and their resulting changes at the DNA level during the course of evolution.…”

Section: Cluster Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogenetic relationships among four species of the mangrove tree genus Bruguiera (Rhizophoraceae), as revealed by chromosome and RAPD markers

Sahoo¹,

Jena²,

Mohanty³

et al. 2006

RBT

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Analysis of karyotype, nuclear DNA content and RAPD markers were performed in four species of Bruguiera (Rhizophoraceae) of Bhitarkanika mangrove forests, Orissa, India. Detailed karyotype analysis revealing 2n=34 in B. cylindrica and 2n=36 in B. gymnorrhiza was reported for the first time and 2n=34 in B. parviflora and B. sexangula was confirmed. On the basis of the common types of chromosomes present among Bruguiera, two distinct groups were found; one consists of B. cylindrica and B. parviflora and the other of B. gymnorrhiza and B. sexangula. The symmetrical karyotype with same chromosome types grouped B. cylindrica and B. parviflora together and presence of Type E chromosomes placed B. gymnorrhiza and B. sexangula in a separate group, suggesting their closer affinity in their respective group. Analysis of chromosome length, volume, INV and 4C DNA content confirmed this division. Nuclear DNA content was two-fold higher (~17.0 pg) in the second group than in the first (~8.0 pg). The amplification products generated through RAPD revealed 1-9 amplicons with size variations from 600 bp to 2 500 bp with 49.31% genetic similarity between B. gymnorrhiza and B. sexangula and 47.10% in between B. cylindrica and B. parviflora. The high copy number marker band (~ 1 100 bp) yielded in OPN-15 primer in B. parviflora the characteristic DNA marker, which was cloned and used as probes for assessment of genetic diversity, and demonstrated its close genetic affinity to B. cylindrica. B. gymnorrhiza and B. sexangula also produced similar marker bands of ~600 bp and ~2 200 bp in the same primer. All of the cytological, 4C DNA content and RAPD data confirmed the existence of two taxonomically distinct groups of Bruguiera: one consisting of B. cylindrica and B. parviflora and the other of B. gymnorrhiza and B. sexangula as placed earlier (1862) in the tribe Rhizophoreae by Bentham and Hooker, on the basis of the flowering habits of Bruguiera. Genetically, the B. sexangula and B. gymnorrhiza group was found to be very closely, rather than distantly, related to B. parviflora and B. cylindrica. Our results demonstrate that molecular markers together with cytological evidence provide an effective tool to access the existing interspecific genetic polymorphism in mangrove species, to solve the taxonomic problems and to design their conservation strategy. Rev. Biol. Trop. 55 (2): 437-448. Epub 2007 June, 29.

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Nuclear DNA content in the genera Zea and Sorghum. Intergeneric, interspecific and intraspecific variation

Cited by 213 publications

References 21 publications

The dynamics of LTR retrotransposon accumulation across 25 million years of panicoid grass evolution

The dynamics of LTR retrotransposon accumulation across 25 million years of panicoid grass evolution

Temperature responses and nuclear DNA amounts of seven white clover populations which differ in early spring growth rates

Molecular phylogenetic relationships among four species of the mangrove tree genus Bruguiera (Rhizophoraceae), as revealed by chromosome and RAPD markers

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