Nuclear criticality accident safety, near misses and classification

Hodges, Matthew; Sanders, Charlotta E.

doi:10.1016/j.pnucene.2014.05.018

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…On the other hand, the conceptual model for capacity expansion may change the subcritical condition of an operating factory [35]. For this reason, before putting into practice any of the production settings presented in this technical note, it was necessary to carry out a detailed study of the criticality condition of each production configuration [36].…”

Section: Nuclear Criticalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Simulation Model for Capacity Planning of Nuclear Fuel Plants for Research Reactors

Negro

Durazzo²,

Mesquita³

et al. 2021

Braz. J. Rad. Sci.

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The demand for nuclear fuel for research reactors is increasing worldwide. However, some nuclear fuel factories have small production volumes. There is a gap in the literature regarding how to expand capacity of those facilities in a safe and reliable way. Thus, the purpose of this work is to propose and validate a conceptual model to increase the production capacity of these factories. We addressed factories that produce plate-type fuel elements loaded with LEU U3Si2-Al, which are typically used in nuclear research reactors. We collected data from a real nuclear fuel plant and applied the model to that data, i.e., we set up a case study. We developed two different strategies for the use of the model, thus generating several production scenarios. Each scenario is an experiment of the different possibilities to enlarge the capacity. We applied discrete events simulation in order to cover all production scenarios. Our tests indicated significant increases in productive capacity, thus showing that the model has fully achieved its proposed objective. One of the main conclusions that we point out is the model’s effectiveness. That effectiveness was demonstrated by using the model in two different strategies and obtaining increases in capacity with both of them.

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Section: Nuclear Criticalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for the increase in the capacity of the bottleneck, it is assumed that the traditional strategy doubles that capacity. This increase in capacity is usually achieved through the acquisition of new equipment [35]. Addressing details on how to expand this capability would go beyond the scope of this work.…”

Section: Negro Et Al • Braz J Rad Sci • 2021mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simulation Model for Capacity Planning of Nuclear Fuel Plants for Research Reactors

Negro

Durazzo²,

Mesquita³

et al. 2021

Braz. J. Rad. Sci.

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“…Also of importance, there were many near misses that happened during that time. Between 2000 and 2013, there were no Level 1 criticality accidents, but there were 62 Level 2 events and 28 Level 3 events in the U.S, where definitions of Level 1, 2, and 3 events follow (Hodges and Sander [50]).…”

Section: Statistical Approximations For Criticality Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Power Plants Are Not So Safe: Fluid Transients / Water Hammers, Autoignition, Explosions, Accident Predictions and Ethics

Leishear¹

2021

IJP

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Due to misdiagnosed hydrogen explosions and ethically flawed publications, nuclear power plants are not as safe as published to be for decades. Previous publications inaccurately, unethically, and inappropriately assessed reactor safety with respect to other industries and natural disasters, where nuclear industry publications non-conservatively applied data to promote nuclear reactor safety, and published models skewed accident data to present nuclear energy as safer than it is. Major findings of this one-man study were calculated with 95% confidence. 1) Explosions caused by fluid transients accompany nuclear power plant meltdowns. 2) A meltdown similar to Three Mile Island (TMI-2) has a 50% probability before 2039, with a one in two probability of a radioactive release like Fukushima. 3) A large radioactive release like Fukushima has a 50% probability before 2067. 4) Radioactive releases can be prevented by fluid transient control with the exception of Chernobyl type accidents, which are expected far into the future. 5) Nuclear power plant accidental deaths are not significantly less than other industries as claimed for many years, but are comparable to other industries. An improved explanation of nuclear power plant explosion safety is provided here to better control dangers in the radiation business. Items 1 and 2 were previously published, but are summarized here as proof of principle to support this new research, and items 3, 4, and 5 are new to the literature. These latter concerns are the thrust for this discussion of ethics, nuclear safety, and the prevention of loss of life, property damages, and catastrophic environmental damages. A personal history of the difficulties of being the first to invent new theory and the government obstruction and unethical cover up to thwart legitimate safety concerns are intertwined with statistical proofs for nuclear reactor disaster predictions. Such disasters explode radioactive dust clouds into the air to circle our planet, and spread radioactive contamination that radioactively rains down across parts of the earth following large accidental explosions. Although the ethical path to accomplish this task has great personal costs, such as difficulty, stress, complexity of thought, long hours, impacts on family life, and money, the rewards are that imminent nuclear power plant explosions and loss of life can be stopped!

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“…Quanto à segurança dos trabalhadores de instalações nucleares, um dos principais itens é a limitação da dose de radiação [40,44]. Essa limitação impõe o monitoramento com dosímetros para medir a dose de radiação recebida por esses trabalhadores e impõe também limites de tempo durante os quais o trabalhador pode exercer suas atividades.…”

Section: Mão De Obraunclassified

“…Essa limitação impõe o monitoramento com dosímetros para medir a dose de radiação recebida por esses trabalhadores e impõe também limites de tempo durante os quais o trabalhador pode exercer suas atividades. De acordo com a dose recebida, o trabalhador precisa ser afastado de suas funções temporariamente ou definitivamente [29,40,44]. No caso de expansão da capacidade produtiva de uma fábrica de combustível nuclear, analogamente ao treinamento citado no parágrafo anterior, os trabalhadores precisam submeter-se aos controles da área de proteção radiológica.…”

Section: Mão De Obraunclassified

Desenvolvimento de um modelo para dimensionamento da capacidade produtiva de fábricas de combustível nuclear para reatores de pesquisa

Negro¹

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Nuclear criticality accident safety, near misses and classification

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

A Simulation Model for Capacity Planning of Nuclear Fuel Plants for Research Reactors

A Simulation Model for Capacity Planning of Nuclear Fuel Plants for Research Reactors

Nuclear Power Plants Are Not So Safe: Fluid Transients / Water Hammers, Autoignition, Explosions, Accident Predictions and Ethics

Desenvolvimento de um modelo para dimensionamento da capacidade produtiva de fábricas de combustível nuclear para reatores de pesquisa

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