NSAIDs and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Moore, Nicholas; Bosco‐Lévy, Pauline; Thurin, Nicolas; Blin, Patrick; Droz–Perroteau, C.

doi:10.1007/s40264-021-01089-5

Cited by 65 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…A study analyzing data from ISARIC Clinical Characterization Protocol UK cohort found NSAIDS use not disposing to any poor COVID-19 outcome (38). A 2021 systematic review and meta-analysis reiterated similar findings and revealed no negative association between use of NSAIDS, including Ibuprofen, with SARS-CoV-2 infection or its outcomes (39). Ibuprofen has been known to have a better analgesic response in men while higher threshold and greater tolerance for electrically induced pain, responded significantly to ibuprofen in contrast to women (40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Self-Medication Practices in Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Yasmin

Asghar

Naeem

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Background and ObjectivesDuring the pandemic, the growing influence of social media, accessibility of over-the-counter medications, and fear of contracting the virus may have led to self-medication practices among the general public. Medical students are prone to such practices due to relevant background knowledge, and access to drugs. This study was carried out to determine and analyze the prevalence of self-medication practices among medical students in Pakistan.Materials and MethodsThis descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted online in which the participants were asked about the general demographics, their self-medication practices and the reasons to use. All participants were currently enrolled in a medical college pursuing medical or pharmacy degree. Non-probability sampling technique was used to recruit participants.ResultsA total of 489 respondents were included in the final analysis. The response rate was 61%. Majority of the respondents were females and 18–20 years of age. Self-medication was quite prevalent in our study population with 406 out of 489 individuals (83.0%) were using any of the drugs since the start of pandemic. The most commonly utilized medications were Paracetamol (65.2%) and multivitamins (56.0%). The reasons reported for usage of these medications included cold/flu, or preventive measures for COVID-19. The common symptoms reported for self-medication included fever (67.9%), muscle pain (54.0%), fatigue (51.7%), sore throat (46.6%), and cough (44.4%). Paracetamol was the most commonly used drug for all symptoms. Female gender, being in 3rd year of medical studies, and individuals with good self-reported health were found more frequent users of self-medication practices.ConclusionOur study revealed common self-medication practices among medical and pharmacy students. It is a significant health issue especially during the pandemic times, with high consumption reported as a prevention or treating symptoms of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Self-Medication Practices in Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Yasmin

Asghar

Naeem

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…In a prospective cohort study of over 70,000 patients, Drake et al demonstrated that exposure to ibuprofen or other NSAIDs within 2 weeks of admission for COVID-19 had no effect on the requirement for oxygen, the need for invasive ventilation, acute kidney injury, admission to intensive care or mortality [31]. A recently published meta-analysis of 19 original studies, providing information on exposure to NSAIDs and COVID-19 outcomes, identified that there was no excess risk of acquiring COVID-19 in patients exposed to NSAIDs [32]. Furthermore, for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, NSAID exposure did not increase the risk of hospital admissions, severe outcomes or death [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recently published meta-analysis of 19 original studies, providing information on exposure to NSAIDs and COVID-19 outcomes, identified that there was no excess risk of acquiring COVID-19 in patients exposed to NSAIDs [32]. Furthermore, for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, NSAID exposure did not increase the risk of hospital admissions, severe outcomes or death [32]. The review concluded that "the theoretical risks of NSAIDs or ibuprofen in SARS-CoV-2 infection are not confirmed by observational data" [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ibuprofen, Flurbiprofen, Etoricoxib or Paracetamol Do Not Influence ACE2 Expression and Activity In Vitro or in Mice and Do Not Exacerbate In-Vitro SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Bruin

Schneider

Reus

et al. 2022

IJMS

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SARS-CoV-2 uses the human cell surface protein angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the receptor by which it gains access into lung and other tissue. Early in the pandemic, there was speculation that a number of commonly used medications—including ibuprofen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)—have the potential to upregulate ACE2, thereby possibly facilitating viral entry and increasing the severity of COVID-19. We investigated the influence of the NSAIDS with a range of cyclooxygenase (COX)1 and COX2 selectivity (ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, etoricoxib) and paracetamol on the level of ACE2 mRNA/protein expression and activity as well as their influence on SARS-CoV-2 infection levels in a Caco-2 cell model. We also analysed the ACE2 mRNA/protein levels and activity in lung, heart and aorta in ibuprofen treated mice. The drugs had no effect on ACE2 mRNA/protein expression and activity in the Caco-2 cell model. There was no up-regulation of ACE2 mRNA/protein expression and activity in lung, heart and aorta tissue in ibuprofen-treated mice in comparison to untreated mice. Viral load was significantly reduced by both flurbiprofen and ibuprofen at high concentrations. Ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, etoricoxib and paracetamol demonstrated no effects on ACE2 expression or activity in vitro or in vivo. Higher concentrations of ibuprofen and flurbiprofen reduced SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro.

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“…PPCPs can be bioaccumulative, carcinogenic, and toxic to humans, wildlife, and flora, justifying the growing concern about their toxicity and disposal [ 12 , 13 ]. It should also be emphasized that the COVID-19 pandemic has boosted the consumption of pharmaceuticals, which justifies investigating the remediation of these pollutants in water bodies [ 14 ]. The academic community has become very concerned about the increasing concentration of these products in urban sewage and the subsequent contamination of the environment [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-synthetic modification of aluminum trimesate and copper trimesate with TiO2 nanoparticles for photocatalytic applications

et al. 2022

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Organic pollutants have been a significant source of concern in recent years due to their facile dissemination and harmful effects. In this work, two different metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) were initially prepared by hydrothermal treatment, namely aluminum trimesate (MIL-100(Al)) and copper trimesate (HKUST-1). These materials were subsequently submitted to a post-synthetic modification step to grow titania nanoparticles on their surface. Anatase nanoparticles with sizes around 5 nm were successfully anchored on MIL-100(Al), and the concentration of TiO 2 in this sample was about 68 wt.%. This is the first time that this composite (TiO 2 @MIL-100(Al)) is reported in the literature. It showed an improved photocatalytic activity, removing 90% of methylene blue ( k app = 1.29 h −1 ), 55% of sodium diclofenac ( k app = 0.21 h −1 ), and 62% of ibuprofen ( k app = 0.37 h −1 ) after four hours of illumination with UV-A light. A significant concentration (14 µM) of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected for this composite. HKUST-1 showed a structural collapse during its post-synthetic modification, leading to a non-porous material and providing fewer sites for the heterogeneous nucleation of titania. This behavior led to a low concentration of rutile nanoparticles on HKUST-1 (9 wt.%). However, the obtained composite (TiO 2 @HKUST) also showed an improved photoactivity compared to HKUST-1, increasing the photodegradation rates evaluated for methylene blue (0.05 h −1 vs. 0.29 h −1 ), sodium diclofenac (negligible vs. 0.03 h −1 ), and ibuprofen (0.01 h −1 vs. 0.02 h −1 ). This work brings new insights concerning the preparation of photocatalysts by growing semiconductor nanoparticles on trimesate-based MOFs.

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NSAIDs and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Cited by 65 publications

References 56 publications

Self-Medication Practices in Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Self-Medication Practices in Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Ibuprofen, Flurbiprofen, Etoricoxib or Paracetamol Do Not Influence ACE2 Expression and Activity In Vitro or in Mice and Do Not Exacerbate In-Vitro SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Post-synthetic modification of aluminum trimesate and copper trimesate with TiO2 nanoparticles for photocatalytic applications

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