Now you See them, Now you don't! – Population Crashes of Established Introduced Species

Simberloff, Daniel; Gibbons, Leah K.

doi:10.1023/b:binv.0000022133.49752.46

Cited by 459 publications

(407 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Moreover, the unified framework recognises that invasions can fail even after the alien has spread, as reflected in the 'boom and bust' dynamics that are a feature of an increasing number of biological invasions (e.g. [2,26,45]); 'bust' here can refer to contraction to small population sizes or complete population extinction.…”

Section: Reason 6: Impacts Fall Outside the Proposed Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there was formerly a small, free-flying budgerigar population on the island of Tresco in the Isles of Scilly that survived and reproduced between 1972 and 1975, but apparently only because of the provision of supplemental food and shelter (C2). The population in Florida initially increased and spread quite widely (D2), but subsequently declined for unknown reasons, and is a classic example of a 'boom and bust' species [45,51,52]. Australia is home to 1012 taxa in the Acacia subgenus Phyllodineae, many of which have been introduced to South Africa.…”

Section: Box 1 Aliens Placed On the Unified Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A proposed unified framework for biological invasions

Blackburn

Pyšek

Bacher

et al. 2011

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

1,903

1,786

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There has been a dramatic growth in research on biological invasions over the past 20 years, but a mature understanding of the field has been hampered because invasion biologists concerned with different taxa and different environments have largely adopted different model frameworks for the invasion process, resulting in a confusing range of concepts, terms and definitions. In this review, we propose a unified framework for biological invasions that reconciles and integrates the key features of the most commonly used invasion frameworks into a single conceptual model that can be applied to all human-mediated invasions. The unified framework combines previous stage-based and barrier models, and provides a terminology and categorisation for populations at different points in the invasion process.

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Section: Reason 6: Impacts Fall Outside the Proposed Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Box 1 Aliens Placed On the Unified Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

A proposed unified framework for biological invasions

Blackburn

Pyšek

Bacher

et al. 2011

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

1,903

1,786

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is a real danger of responding unnecessarily to naturally variable populations or populations that ultimately fail to invade (Simberloff and Gibbons 2004;Zenni and Nun˜ez 2013). Nonetheless, responses need to be adaptive and rapid, particularly if eradication is to be a cost-effective option, and sustainable monitoring must have a clear outcome demonstrable in terms of specific agreed indicators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A standardized set of metrics to assess and monitor tree invasions

et al. 2013

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Scientists, managers, and policy-makers need functional and effective metrics to improve our understanding and management of biological invasions. Such metrics would help to assess progress towards management goals, increase compatibility across administrative borders, and facilitate comparisons between invasions. Here we outline key characteristics of tree invasions (status, abundance, spatial extent, and impact), discuss how each of these characteristics changes with time, and examine potential metrics to describe and monitor them. We recommend quantifying tree invasions using six metrics: (a) current status in the region; (b) potential status; (c) the number of foci requiring management; (d) area of occupancy (AOO) (i.e. compressed canopy area or net infestation); (e) extent of occurrence (EOO)(i.e. range size or gross infestation); and (f) observa-tions of current and potential impact. We discuss how each metric can be parameterised (e.g. we include a practical method for classifying the current stage of invasion for trees following Blackburn's unified framework for biological invasions); their potential management value (e.g. EOO provides an indication of the area over which management is needed); and how they can be used in concert (e.g. combining AOO and EOO can provide insights into invasion dynamics; and we use potential status and threat together to develop a simple risk analysis tool). Based on these metrics, we propose a standardized template for reporting tree invasions that we hope will facilitate cross-species and inter-regional comparisons. While we feel this represents a valuable step towards standardized reporting, there is an urgent need to develop more consistent metrics for impact and threat, and for many specific purposes additional metrics are still needed (e.g. detectability is required to assess the feasibility of eradication).

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“…Under normal circumstances, aquatic macrophyte populations are self-regulating and have even been known to collapse from time to time without strong intervention (Simberloff & Gibbons 2004). When populations grow too dense, this can lead to problems, for example depleted oxygen levels (Pieczyfiska & Tarmanowska 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature Conservation Against All? Aquatic Macrophyte De-Weeding – Cut or Conserve? A Stakeholder Analysis

Brummer

Roth

Röhl

et al. 2017

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De-weeding of streams and lakes occurs in Germany on a widespread level, mostly to ensure water runoff and to provide flood protection. But de-weeding also affects a range of stakeholders, who have their own reasons to support or oppose it. For the list of stakeholders identified, see chapter 4. As part of a project analysing the feasibility of using water plant biomass as a substrate for biogas production, we conducted a multi-method stakeholder analysis to evaluate stakeholders' opinions about de-weeding. The results show a preference of all stakeholders, except those identifying with nature conservation, for aquatic de-weeding. Our findings also point to a lack of communication between stakeholders, resulting in biased opinions of the stakeholders against other stakeholders and starting points for conflict.

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Now you See them, Now you don't! – Population Crashes of Established Introduced Species

Cited by 459 publications

References 38 publications

A proposed unified framework for biological invasions

A proposed unified framework for biological invasions

A standardized set of metrics to assess and monitor tree invasions

Nature Conservation Against All? Aquatic Macrophyte De-Weeding – Cut or Conserve? A Stakeholder Analysis

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