Abstract:Resumo: Neste artigo, descrevemos algumas das principais características dos casos de investigação policial que foram denunciados pelo Ministério Público Estadual. O padrão que emerge dos dados da pesquisa realizada em nove estados brasileiros, a partir de uma amostra dos processos criminais arquivados em 2011, difere das representações tradicionais da investigação baseada na busca de testemunhas e produção de depoimentos e confissões. As prisões em flagrante ocupam lugar de destaque na instrução criminal e te… Show more
“…Recent studies confirm this prediction, as those with criminal records are more likely to be arrested, held in pretrial detention, and convicted (Kurlychek & Johnson, 2019;Kutateladze & Lawson, 2017). In Brazil, defendants with previous criminal records have greater odds of surviving throughout the flow of the criminal justice system (Vargas, 2014), being more prone to pretrial detention (Jesus Filho, 2017), charges (Ribeiro & Lima, 2020), and convictions (Ribeiro, 2010) for all types of offenses (Costa & de Oliveira Júnior, 2016). Gottfredson and Hindelang (1979) understand that social control exercised in the subjects' private life could also be measured by the place and time where crimes happen.…”
This paper seeks to understand how decision‐making works at the first appearance hearings (Custody Hearings) in Brazil, an initiative that intends to make the Brazilian criminal justice system more accusatorial. We used primary data gathered in the hearings between April and December 2018 in nine Brazilian states. Binary logistic regression models were applied to identify the variables that affect the odds ratios of pretrial detention. Results indicated a high level of homology between the prosecutors' requests and the judges' decisions, even when controlling for the characteristics of offense and offender, which precludes any direct openness to the defense. Decision‐making in the Custody Hearing reinforces the inquisitorial characteristics and the institutional features of the Brazilian Criminal Justice System, suggesting that the reforms carried out over the last years were not able to change how actors operate on a daily basis.
“…Recent studies confirm this prediction, as those with criminal records are more likely to be arrested, held in pretrial detention, and convicted (Kurlychek & Johnson, 2019;Kutateladze & Lawson, 2017). In Brazil, defendants with previous criminal records have greater odds of surviving throughout the flow of the criminal justice system (Vargas, 2014), being more prone to pretrial detention (Jesus Filho, 2017), charges (Ribeiro & Lima, 2020), and convictions (Ribeiro, 2010) for all types of offenses (Costa & de Oliveira Júnior, 2016). Gottfredson and Hindelang (1979) understand that social control exercised in the subjects' private life could also be measured by the place and time where crimes happen.…”
This paper seeks to understand how decision‐making works at the first appearance hearings (Custody Hearings) in Brazil, an initiative that intends to make the Brazilian criminal justice system more accusatorial. We used primary data gathered in the hearings between April and December 2018 in nine Brazilian states. Binary logistic regression models were applied to identify the variables that affect the odds ratios of pretrial detention. Results indicated a high level of homology between the prosecutors' requests and the judges' decisions, even when controlling for the characteristics of offense and offender, which precludes any direct openness to the defense. Decision‐making in the Custody Hearing reinforces the inquisitorial characteristics and the institutional features of the Brazilian Criminal Justice System, suggesting that the reforms carried out over the last years were not able to change how actors operate on a daily basis.
“…In Brazil, scholars have shown that homicides between strangers are less likely to be cleared (Costa, 2015), unless the suspect is caught red-handed (Costa & Oliveira Júnior, 2016). The relationship is also an important predictor of the final disposition, as murders involving family members are less likely to receive harsh punishment than other deaths (Azevedo & Sinhoretto, 2018).…”
Section: Morphologymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In Brazil, studies on homicide clearance conclude that the successful identification of suspects is related to the efficiency of certain procedures deployed by the police (Costa & Oliveira Júnior, 2016). The first being the arrest in flagrante delicto , which involves the suspect’s immediate capture and the collection of information essential to opening the police inquiry, which will allow charges to be brought into the criminal court (Costa, 2015).…”
Section: Legal Factors and Police Procedures As Control Variablesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… 4. In these situations, as victims are alive, they can assist the police in identifying the suspect, which makes the investigation and processing dynamics substantially different from those of cases involving death (Costa, 2015; Costa & Oliveira Júnior, 2016). …”
The flow of homicide cases in Brazil can be described as a funnel, as numerous events are reported to the police but only a few are convicted. This article aims to identify the variables influencing time to clearance and time to conviction for murder cases in Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais) by examining a sample of police investigations (uncleared cases) and criminal proceedings (cleared cases) closed between 2003 and 2013. Using Cox proportional hazard model, we found that time to clearance is affected by crime attributes and police procedures although time to conviction is affected only by arrest in flagrante delicto.
“…Análises de casos denunciados ao Ministério Público mostram que pouco mais da metade dos acusados em crimes de homicídio foram presos em flagrante, ou seja, a prisão não resultou de uma investigação criminal (Costa & Oliveira, 2016). Além disso, há aqueles que olham a investigação pela lente do inquérito policial, atribuindo a esse elemento um papel central na formação de culpa de grupos específicos de pessoas (Kant de Lima, 1995;Misse, 2010a).…”
Objetivo da Pesquisa: O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a investigação criminal com atenção especial ao crime de homicídio a fim de propor uma agenda de pesquisa sobre o tema para a área de Administração Pública.
Marco Teórico: Discussões acadêmicas sobre trabalho policial e investigação criminal.
Resultados: Articulação conceitual a respeito dos principais elementos da investigação criminal em geral e de homicídios em particular, culminando em uma proposta de agenda de pesquisa para a Administração Pública.
Originalidade: Apresentar o tema do trabalho e da investigação policial para ser pensada na Administração Pública no Brasil.
Contribuições teóricas e práticas: Trazer para a ad
Objetivo da Pesquisa: O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a investigação criminal com atenção especial ao crime de homicídio a fim de propor uma agenda de pesquisa sobre o tema para a área de Administração Pública.
Marco Teórico: Discussões acadêmicas sobre trabalho policial e investigação criminal.
Resultados: Articulação conceitual a respeito dos principais elementos da investigação criminal em geral e de homicídios em particular, culminando em uma proposta de agenda de pesquisa para a Administração Pública.
Originalidade: Apresentar o tema do trabalho e da investigação policial para ser pensada na Administração Pública no Brasil.
Contribuições teóricas e práticas: Trazer para a administração pública em específico, e para a administração em geral, a discussão a respeito da investigação criminal e, em particular, de homicídio no Brasil. Esta contribuição teórica possui a contribuição prática de possibilitar a policiais a compreensão da literatura acadêmica sobre trabalho e investigação policial.
ministração pública em específico, e para a administração em geral, a discussão a respeito da investigação criminal e, em particular, de homicídio no Brasil. Esta contribuição teórica possui a contribuição prática de possibilitar a policiais a compreensão da literatura acadêmica sobre trabalho e investigação policial.
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