Novel universal influenza virus vaccine approaches

Krammer, Florian

doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2016.02.002

Cited by 96 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…The quest for so called “universal and multi-season vaccines” has been ongoing for many decades now and different approaches have been followed. More conserved epitopes like the ectodomain of matrix 2 (M2e) protein, the stem region of HA or conserved regions of the nucleoprotein (NP) and neuraminidase (NA) are promising vaccine candidates [8–11]. Host immune responses targeting these epitopes have shown to be able to provide hetero(sub)typic immunity against different influenza viruses [12–15].…”

Section: Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivated influenza virus vaccines: the future of TIV and QIV

Schotsaert

García‐Sastre

2017

Current Opinion in Virology

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Influenza viruses continue to be a major public health concern, despite the availability of vaccines. Currently licensed influenza vaccines aim at the induction of antibodies that target hemagglutinin, the major antigenic determinant on the surface of influenza virions that is responsible for attachment of the virus to the host cell that is to be infected. Currently licensed influenza vaccines come as inactivated or live attenuated influenza vaccines and are tri- or quadrivalent as they contain antigens of two influenza A and one or two influenza B strains that circulate in the human population, respectively. In this review we briefly compare trivalent and quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (TIV and QIV) with live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV). The use of the latter vaccine type in children age 2 to 8 has been disrecommended recently by the American Centers for Disease Control and Prevention due to inferior vaccine effectiveness in this age group in recent seasons. This recommendation will favor the use of TIV and QIV over LAIV in the near future. However, there is much evidence from studies in humans that illustrate the benefit of LAIV and we discuss some of the mechanisms that contribute to broader protection against influenza viruses of different subtypes induced by natural infection and LAIV. The future challenge will be to apply these insights to allow induction of broader and long-lasting protection provided by TIV and QIV vaccines, e.g. by the use of adjuvants or combining LAIV with TIV and QIV. Other immune factors than serum hemagglutination inhibiting antibodies have shown to correlate with protection provided by TIV and QIV, which illustrates the need for other correlates of protection than hemagglutination inhibition by serum antibodies and justifies more focus on influenza antigens in the TIV and QIV other than hemagglutinin.

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Section: Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivated influenza virus vaccines: the future of TIV and QIV

Schotsaert

García‐Sastre

2017

Current Opinion in Virology

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“…An inactivated H5N1 vaccine showed on average a fourfold anti-stalk antibody increase in humans a er the rst immunization [67]. Di erent approaches for a stalk vaccine are under investigation and hold promise for a universal IV vaccine [68].…”

Section: In Uenza Virus (Iv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory virus-induced heterologous immunity

2018

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Purpose: To provide current knowledge on respiratory virus-induced heterologous immunity (HI) with a focus on humoral and cellular cross-reactivity. Adaptive heterologous immune responses have broad implications on infection, autoimmunity, allergy and transplant immunology. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved might ultimately open up possibilities for disease prevention, for example by vaccination. Methods: A structured literature search was performed using Medline and PubMed to provide an overview of the current knowledge on respiratoryvirus induced adaptive HI. Results: In HI the immune response towards one antigen results in an alteration of the immune response towards a second antigen. We provide an overview of respiratory virus-induced HI, including viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus (RV), coronavirus (CoV) and in uenza virus (IV). We discuss T cell receptor (TCR) and humoral cross-reactivity as mechanisms of HI involving those respiratory viruses. Topics covered include HI between respiratory viruses as well as between respiratory viruses and other pathogens. Newly developed vaccines, which have the potential Cite this as Pusch E, Renz H, Skevaki C. Respiratory virus-induced heterologous immunity -Part of the problem or part of the solution? Allergo J Int 2018; 27:79-96

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“…The chimeric-HA immunization strategy is in preparation for clinical trials. It will be quite interesting to see the results of this trial vaccine when placed in the context of a diverse immune memory/history [88,89]. …”

Section: New Approaches Towards a Universal Influenza Virus Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Heads, stalks and everything else: how can antibodies eradicate influenza as a human disease?

Neu

Dunand

Wilson

2016

Current Opinion in Immunology

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Current seasonal influenza virus vaccines are effective against infection but they have to be reformulated on a regular basis to counter antigenic variations. The majority of the antibodies induced in response to seasonal vaccination are strain-specific. However, antibodies targeting conserved epitopes on the hemagglutinin protein have been identified and they offer broad protection. Most of these antibodies bind the hemagglutinin stalk domain and are generated from preexisting memory B cells. Broadly protective stalk-biased responses induced by antigenically divergent influenza strains, in concert with prior immunity, are sufficient to eradicate seasonally circulating strains. Future vaccine trials should aim to harness and maintain such a response with the realistic goal of developing a universal influenza vaccine.

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Novel universal influenza virus vaccine approaches

Cited by 96 publications

References 85 publications

Inactivated influenza virus vaccines: the future of TIV and QIV

Inactivated influenza virus vaccines: the future of TIV and QIV

Respiratory virus-induced heterologous immunity

Heads, stalks and everything else: how can antibodies eradicate influenza as a human disease?

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