Novel synthesis of Falcaria vulgaris leaf extract conjugated copper nanoparticles with potent cytotoxicity, antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, and cutaneous wound healing activities under in vitro and in vivo condition

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The development of nanotechnology has generated different nanoscale‐sized materials, with metal‐based nanomaterials being some of the most interesting and promising. Thousands of articles in various specialized journals all over the world are dedicated to different metallic nanomaterials. Metallic nanomaterials are being widely researched, with gold‐, silver‐, iron‐, and copper‐based materials showing potential in medicine. Studies have demonstrated the effect of copper nanoparticles in medicinal herbs on the prevention, control, and treatment of microbial diseases. Experiments have examined the chemical characterization and assessment of the antioxidant, cytotoxicity, antibacterial, and antifungal activities of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) using the aqueous extract of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl flower. These nanoparticles were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), and X‐ray diffraction analysis. TEM and FE‐SEM images exhibited a uniform spherical morphology and diameters of 10–25 nm for the biosynthesized nanoparticles. FT‐IR results suggested polysaccharides and protein in S. lavandulifolia acted as reducing agents, reducing copper ions to Cu NPs. In vitro biological experiments indicated that Cu NPs have excellent antioxidant potential against 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl, antifungal effects against Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Candida guilliermondii, Candida glabrata, and Candida albicans, and antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These nanoparticles did not have cytotoxicity properties against human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These results indicate that the inclusion of S. lavandulifolia extract ameliorates the solubility of Cu NPs, which leads to a remarkable enhancement in fungicidal and bactericidal effects under in vitro conditions.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of copper nanoparticles containing natural compounds in the treatment of bacterial and fungal diseases

Hemmati

Kamangar

Ahmeda

et al. 2020

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Synthesis of titanium nanoparticles using Allium eriophyllum Boiss aqueous extract by green synthesis method and evaluation of their remedial properties

Seydi

Saneei

Jalalvand

et al. 2019

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The application of nanotechnologies to medicine, or nanomedicine, which has already demonstrated its tremendous impact on the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, is rapidly becoming a major driving force behind ongoing developments in the antimicrobial and wound healing fields. This study confirms the potential of Allium eriophyllum Boiss aqueous extract for the green synthesis of titanium nanoparticles (TiNPs). Also, we reveal the antioxidant, cytotoxicity, cutaneous wound healing, antifungal and antibacterial properties of TiNPs. These nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and UV-visible spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FT-IR findings suggested molecular interactions of compounds in the plant were the sources of reducing power, reducing titanium ions to TiNPs. In XRD analysis, 22.8 nm was measured for the crystal size of the nanoparticles. SEM and TEM images indicated a uniform spherical morphology and average diameters of 22 nm. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl experiments were conducted to assess the antioxidant activities, which indicated similar antioxidant potentials for TiNPs and butylated hydroxytoluene. In the antimicrobial part of this study, agar diffusion experiments were done to determine the antibacterial and antifungal characteristics. TiNPs had antifungal activities against Candida guilliermondii, C. krusei, C. albicans and C. glabrata and antibacterial potentials against Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Bacillus subtilis). Also, these nanoparticles did not have any cytotoxicity against human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In in vivo experiments, TiNP ointment significantly decreased (p ≤ 0.01) wound area, total cells, macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes and notably increased (p ≤ 0.01) wound contracture, vessels, hydroxyproline, hexosamine, hexuronic acid, fibrocytes and fibrocyte/fibroblast ratio in rats. The results of FT-IR, UV, XRD, TEM and SEM analyses confirm that aqueous extract of A. eriophyllum leaves can be used to yield TiNPs with notable antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and

Application of titanium nanoparticles containing natural compounds in cutaneous wound healing

Ahmeda

Abbasi

Ghaneialvar

et al. 2020

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The aim of the study was the rapid green synthesis of titanium nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of Falcaria vulgaris leaves (TiNPs@FV) and exploring their antioxidant, cytotoxicity, antifungal, antibacterial, and cutaneous wound healing activities under in vitro and in vivo condition. These nanoparticles were characterized by UV‐Vis, Fourier transform‐infrared(FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction XRD), field emission‐scanning electron microscopy FE‐SEM), and transmission electron microscopy TEM) analyses. The synthesized TiNPs@FV had great cell viability on human umbilical vein endothelial cells and indicted this method was nontoxic. DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) test revealed similar antioxidant potentials for F. vulgaris, TiNPs@FV, and butylated hydroxytoluene. All data of antibacterial, antifungal, and cutaneous wound healing tests were analyzed by SPSS 22 software. In the antimicrobial part of this study, TiNPs@FV indicated higher antifungal and antibacterial effects than all standard antibiotics (p ≤ 0.01). Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration of TiNPs@FV against all fungi were at 2–4 mg/mL and 2‐8 mg/mL ranges, respectively. But, MIC and minimal bactericidal concentration of TiNPs@FV against all bacteria were at 2‐8 mg/mL and 2‐16 mg/mL ranges, respectively. In the part of cutaneous wound healing, use of TiNPs@FV ointment significantly (p ≤ 0.01) raised the wound contracture, vessel, hydroxyl proline, hexuronic acid, hexosamine, fibrocyte, and fibrocytes/fibroblast rate and significantly (p ≤ 0.01) decreased the wound area, total cells, neutrophil, and lymphocyte compared to other groups in rats. The results of FT‐IR, UV‐Vis, XRD, TEM, and FE‐SEM confirm that the aqueous extract of F. vulgaris leaves can be used to yield titanium nanoparticles with a notable amount of remedial effects.