Novel sputtering method to obtain wide band gap and low resistivity in as-deposited magnesium doped zinc oxide films

Loeza-Poot, M.; Mis-Fernández, R.; Rimmaudo, I.; Camacho-Espinosa, E.; Peña, J. L.

doi:10.1016/j.mssp.2019.104646

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Many groups have reported the influence on ZnO thin films of metal dopants, including In [10], Al [11][12][13][14], Fe [12,15], Mn [16], Mg [17], and Ga [12,18], to replace indium-doped tin oxide or fluorine-doped tin oxide [1,3]. One promising dopant is Cu, which has been reported to show enhanced properties such as higher conductivity [19], diluted magnetic properties [15], and improved crystal quality [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Morphology and Properties of Nanostructured Cu-ZnO Thin Films Using a Two-Step Sputtering Technique

Lee

Jung

et al. 2020

Metals

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a wide-band-gap semiconductor that is promising for use as a transparent conductive oxide film. To date, to improve their optoelectrical properties, pristine ZnO films have been doped with metals using various techniques. In this study, nanostructured Cu-ZnO thin films were synthesized using a modified two-step radio frequency magnetron sputtering technique with separate ZnO and metallic Cu targets. Controlling the timing of the Cu/ZnO co-sputtering and ZnO-only sputtering steps afforded a significant change in the resulting nanostructures, such as uniform Cu-ZnO and broccoli-structured Cu-ZnO thin films. Using various measurement techniques, the influence of Cu doping was analyzed in detail. Furthermore, a crystal growth model for the formation of the broccoli-like clusters was suggested. The Cu-ZnO thin films synthesized using this technique demonstrate a highly improved conductivity with some loss in optical transmittance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Morphology and Properties of Nanostructured Cu-ZnO Thin Films Using a Two-Step Sputtering Technique

Lee

Jung

et al. 2020

Metals

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“…The crystallite size of WZ-MZO was estimated to be ∼4.7 nm. In addition, the WZ-MZO peaks slightly shift to the higher angle side, implying a reduced lattice constant because of part of Zn replacement with Mg (∼0.57 Å) in the ZnO lattice (∼0.60 Å). ,− No prominent diffraction peak related to the MgO phases is observed, revealing that Mg should be incorporated into the ZnO matrix rather than the formation of the MgO phase. On the other hand, XRD of MZO prepared with the other base TMAH shows characteristic diffraction peaks of the ZB structure at ∼33.4, 38.8, and 56.6°, suggesting that the major phase of the product is ZB MZO (named ZB-MZO) (pink curve).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first excitonic absorption peaks of both WZ-and ZB-MZO blueshift and are slightly broadened. 28 The band gaps of ZnO, WZ-MZO, and ZB-MZO are 3.20, 3.50, and 3.55 eV, respectively, according to the corresponding Tauc plot in Figure S2b. On the other hand, PL spectra of samples exhibit a sharp and a broad peak, generally assigned to the band-edge emission (∼370 nm, E g = 3.35 eV) and defect-related deep-level emission (∼569 nm, E g = 2.18 eV), respectively.…”

Section: Preparation Of Mzo Nps In Cubic and Hexagonal Wz Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cubic- and Hexagonal-Phase MgZnO Nanoparticles for Electron Transport Layers in Electroluminescent Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes

Hoang

Chen

2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Magnesium-doped zinc oxide (MZO) nanoparticles (NPs) with a cubic zinc blende (ZB) structure and with a hexagonal wurtzite (WZ) structure were prepared via a wet-chemical synthetic process by varying the base and used as the electron transport layer (ETL) for electroluminescent (EL) quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). Both as-synthesized MZO NPs were monodisperse with a polydispersity index <0.15 and retained excellent colloidal stability at least for 4 weeks. The formation of a NP film from the MZO NPs to configure the architecture of EL QLEDs resulted in significant enhancement in the charge carrier transport and the EL performance of QDs. It was found that the cubic MZO has more improvement than the hexagonal one on the EL device current density and current efficiency. Furthermore, considering the efficient recombination of electron and hole carrier transport, the conductive molecule tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine (TCTA) was added to poly(9-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) to increase the hole mobility. As a result, the EL QLEDs equipped with the combination of cubic MZO/TCTA-PVK carrier transport layers show 5-fold device efficiency and 10-fold brightness as high as 234,400 cd/m2, compared with conventional ZnO/PVK-based devices. This work highlights the potential of the cubic ZB-phase-based MZO film as the electron transport layer and TCTA mixed PVK in developing a solution for high-performance QLEDs.

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“…[ 146 ] Unfortunately, the device efficiency of the organic/inorganic PSCs is hampered with the use of ZnO ETL due to its decomposition into PbI 2 , which results in the reaction between MA + and the remaining hydroxyl groups at the interface. [ 147,148 ] Fortunately, ZnO has shown advantageous results for inorganic PSCs and can be used at low annealing temperature. ZnO has been introduced as an ETL owing to its well‐matched energy level with CsPbI 2 Br as well as its higher transparency and electron mobility as compared with the TiO 2 and SnO 2 ETLs.…”

Section: Cspbi2br Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

All‐Inorganic CsPbI₂Br Perovskite Solar Cells: Recent Developments and Challenges

et al. 2021

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In the past decade, organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received gigantic research attention owing to their prompt development in power conversion efficiency (PCE) from the initial 3.8% for the first prototype in 2009 to the present state‐of‐the‐art value of 25.5%. However, due to the weak‐bonded organic components in the hybrid crystal structure, the intrinsic chemical instability of OIHPs persuaded by humidity, ultraviolet light, and heat remain a challenging issue for them to meet industrialization‐specific requirements. Parallel to the flourishing of OIHPs, the progress of inorganic cesium‐based metal halide PSCs (CsPbX3, X = I, Br, and mixed) is hastening with PCEs over 20%. Due to its excellent stability under thermal and high humidity conditions, CsPbI2Br is one of the most fascinating inorganic perovskites and a notable research hotspot in the field of perovskite photovoltaics (PV). Herein, recent developments of CsPbI2Br‐based PSCs including the optoelectronic properties, processing methods for preparing CsPbI2Br films, stability of devices, and efficiency improvements are reviewed and deliberated. Finally, cutting‐edge engineering approaches for optimizing the PV performance are discussed and new challenges and perspectives for future research in this field are recognized.

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Novel sputtering method to obtain wide band gap and low resistivity in as-deposited magnesium doped zinc oxide films

Cited by 11 publications

References 49 publications

Tuning the Morphology and Properties of Nanostructured Cu-ZnO Thin Films Using a Two-Step Sputtering Technique

Tuning the Morphology and Properties of Nanostructured Cu-ZnO Thin Films Using a Two-Step Sputtering Technique

Cubic- and Hexagonal-Phase MgZnO Nanoparticles for Electron Transport Layers in Electroluminescent Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes

All‐Inorganic CsPbI₂Br Perovskite Solar Cells: Recent Developments and Challenges

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Novel sputtering method to obtain wide band gap and low resistivity in as-deposited magnesium doped zinc oxide films

Cited by 11 publications

References 49 publications

Tuning the Morphology and Properties of Nanostructured Cu-ZnO Thin Films Using a Two-Step Sputtering Technique

Tuning the Morphology and Properties of Nanostructured Cu-ZnO Thin Films Using a Two-Step Sputtering Technique

Cubic- and Hexagonal-Phase MgZnO Nanoparticles for Electron Transport Layers in Electroluminescent Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes

All‐Inorganic CsPbI2Br Perovskite Solar Cells: Recent Developments and Challenges

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All‐Inorganic CsPbI₂Br Perovskite Solar Cells: Recent Developments and Challenges