Novel Spray Dried Glycerol 2-Phosphate Cross-Linked Chitosan Microparticulate Vaginal Delivery System—Development, Characterization and Cytotoxicity Studies

Szymańska, Emilia; Szekalska, Marta; Czarnomysy, Robert; Lavrič, Zoran; Srčič, Stanko; Miltyk, Wojciech; Winnicka, Katarzyna

doi:10.3390/md14100174

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The prepared film was freeze-dried, cut into strips, or torn off from the surface to observe the internal structure. After surface sputtering, the morphology and structure were observed by SEM [ 36 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Complex of Chitosan–Sodium Carbonate and Its Properties

Qian

Shu

et al. 2018

Marine Drugs

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Chitosan has excellent properties, as it is nontoxic, mucoadhesive, biocompatible, and biodegradable. However, the poor water solubility of chitosan is a major disadvantage. Here, a novel chitosan-sodium carbonate complex was formed by adding a large amount of sodium carbonate to a chitosan/acetic acid solution, which is water-soluble. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance techniques were used to detect and characterize the aforementioned complex, which appeared to be a neat flake crystal. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) was used to verify the connections between carbonate, sodium ions, and the protonated amino group in chitosan on the basis of 13C signals at the chemical shift of 167.745 ppm and 164.743 ppm. Further confirmation was provided by the strong cross-polarization signals identified by the SSNMR 2D 13C–1H frequency-switched Lee–Goldberg heteronuclear correlation spectrum. The cytotoxicity of a film prepared using this complex was tested using rat fibroblasts. The results show that the film promoted cell proliferation, which provides evidence to support its nontoxicity. The ease of film-forming and the results of cytocompatibility testing suggest that the chitosan-sodium carbonate complex has the potential for use in tissue engineering.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Complex of Chitosan–Sodium Carbonate and Its Properties

Qian

Shu

et al. 2018

Marine Drugs

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“…The microparticles were produced using a Buchi Mini Spray Dryer B290 (Flawil, Switzerland) according to the method previously described by our group [15]. In brief, 2% (w/w) gCS aqueous dispersion was prepared by dissolving polymer at 30 • C. An appropriate amount of ZVD was dispersed in water with an addition of 5% of ethanol as a cosolvent and carefully combined with polymer dispersion under continuous stirring.…”

Section: Spray-drying Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amount of liquid absorbed by the microparticles was measured within 240 min. All the experiments were carried out in triplicate and expressed as the percentage of fluid uptake vs. the initial weight of the formulations' samples [15].…”

Section: Swelling Capacity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlation between Physical Crosslinking and Water-Soluble Drug Release from Chitosan-Based Microparticles

et al. 2020

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Microparticles containing water-soluble zidovudine were prepared by spray-drying using chitosan glutamate and beta-glycerophosphate as an ion crosslinker (CF). The Box–Behnken design was applied to optimize the microparticles in terms of their drug loading and release behavior. Physicochemical studies were undertaken to support the results from dissolution tests and to evaluate the impact of the crosslinking ratio on the microparticles’ characteristics. The zidovudine dissolution behavior had a complex nature which comprised two phases: an initial burst effect followed with a prolonged release stage. The initial drug release, which can be modulated by the crosslinking degree, was primarily governed by the dissolution of the drug crystals located on the microparticles’ surfaces. In turn, the further dissolution stage was related to the drug diffusion from the swollen polymer matrix and was found to correlate with the drug loading. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) studies revealed the partial incorporation of a non-crystallized drug within the polymer matrix, which correlated with the amount of CF. Although CF influenced the swelling capacity of chitosan glutamate microparticles, surprisingly a higher amount of CF did not impact the time required for 80% of the drug to be released markedly. The formulation with the lowest polymer:CF ratio, 3:1, was selected as optimal, providing satisfactory drug loading and displaying a moderate burst effect within the first 30 min of the study, followed with a prolonged drug release of up to 210 min.

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“…As a result, some different chitosan amendments have been implemented, but these may include toxicity issues. To overcome such restrictions, polyethylene glycol methyl ether is an excellent hydrophilic polymer whose bond with chitosan chain not only improves the compatibility of chitosan but also prevents protein absorption and escape from the reticuloendothelial system (Szymańska et al, 2016[ 110 ]; Antoniraj et al, 2018[ 9 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%