Novel remediation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) from contaminated groundwater using Cannabis Sativa L. (hemp) protein powder

Turner, Brett D.; Sloan, Scott W.; Currell, Glenn R.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.139

Cited by 59 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) is a multiuse crop grown primarily for grain, fiber, and cannabinoids. In recent years, there has been a resurgence in the study of hemp in the United States and across the world in fields including genomics (Grassa et al, ; Laverty et al, ), agronomics (Campbell, Berrada, Hudalla, Amaducci, & McKay, ), and novel end‐uses (Turner, Sloan, & Currell, ; Wang & Xiong, ). The market for hemp (defined as <0.3% tetrahydrocannabinol; THC by dry weight) and marijuana (>0.3% THC), is expected to surpass $26 billion in the US by 2025 (Global Cannabis Report: 2019 Industry Outlook, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of genetic markers for sex and cannabinoid chemotype in Cannabis sativa L.

et al. 2020

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Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is an emerging dioecious crop grown primarily for grain, fiber, and cannabinoids. There is good evidence for medicinal benefits of the most abundant cannabinoid in hemp, cannabidiol (CBD). For CBD production, female plants producing CBD but not tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are desired. We developed and validated high‐throughput PACE (PCR Allele Competitive Extension) assays for C. sativa plant sex and cannabinoid chemotype. The sex assay was validated across a wide range of germplasm and resolved male plants from female and monoecious plants. The cannabinoid chemotype assay revealed segregation in hemp populations, and resolved plants producing predominantly THC, predominantly CBD, and roughly equal amounts of THC and CBD. Cultivar populations that were thought to be stabilized for CBD production were found to be segregating phenotypically and genotypically. Many plants predominantly producing CBD accumulated more than the current US legal limit of 0.3% THC by dry weight. These assays and data provide potentially useful tools for breeding and early selection of hemp.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of genetic markers for sex and cannabinoid chemotype in Cannabis sativa L.

et al. 2020

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“…Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used to monitor changes in either the host or the guest characteristic stretch or bend upon complexation of PFAS into the cage. , Figure a–c show the FT-IR spectra of the isolated FeMOP host – guest complexes with PFHxA, PFHpA, and PFNA, respectively. The FT-IR spectra of all host – guest complexes closely resemble that of pure FeMOP; however, there are two notable changes in the spectra of the host – guest complexes at 1640 and 1180 cm –1 due to CC aromatic and SO sulfonate stretching.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Self-Assembled Iron(II) Metallacage as a Trap for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Water

et al. 2020

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An anionic iron(II) tetrahedral molecular cage (FeMOP) was studied for its ability to interact with various per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in aqueous media. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry revealed that longer-chain-length (more than six carbons) perfluorocarboxylic, -sulfonic, and fluorotelomers were removed from solution. In contrast, the steric bulk of N-ethyl substituted fluorosulfonamido acetic acid PFASs hindered association with the cage. Solution binding studies in D2O using 19F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) titrations and a Job plot show a 1:1 binding stoichiometry for perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) and perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) with an association constant (K a) of <103 and thus a favorable free energy of association (ΔG°). Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), on the other hand, forms an insoluble host–guest complex with FeMOP with a 1:1 host–guest ratio. Variable temperature (VT) NMR was used to determine the thermodynamic parameters of binding for a 1:1 FeMOP/PFHpA complex in water using a Curie-like model for fast-exchange processes. The extracted parameters suggest a low binding interaction (K a < 103) driven by an increase in entropy from cage desolvation upon guest binding. The solid-state host–guest complexes formed from solution complexation of PFHxA, PFHpA, and PFNA into the cage were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) methods. FT-IR studies suggest an interaction between the fluorocarbon groups of PFASs to the phenylsulfonate functional groups of the ligand. A docking model predicted by computation also indicates this interaction may occur, with the PFASs adsorbing onto the surface of the cage rather than forming a true host–guest complex within the internal cavity. PXRD studies reveal a crystal packing of the complex that is very similar to that of the water-treated FeMOP, with the exception of 1:2 FeMOP/PFNA and 1:1 and 2:1 FeMOP/PFHpA.

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“…Building on these observations, Turner et al. ( 217 ) investigated the sequestration efficacy of six plant protein isolates and found that hemp protein has the highest removal rate for total PFAS at 92.5%, along with soy and pea proteins (around 82%), which is comparable to the granular activated carbon technique (95%). This technique provides a means by which plant proteins could be employed to reduce PFAS contamination within the body and thus warrants further investigation.…”

Section: Remediation Of Environmental Pfas Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Illustrated in Figure 4 are three remediation strategies that can be employed for effective treatment of PFAS water contamination (210)(211)(212)(213)(214)(215)(216). A novel technique has been proposed that utilizes plant proteins for effective removal of PFAS water contamination, through the pump-and-treat method (217). Such proteins contain both charged and uncharged residues on their surface, which allows them to form bonds with ligands through electrostatic interactions and/or hydrophobic/hydrophilic interactions (218), providing a method by which they could potentially remove PFAS contamination from water.…”

Section: Remediation Of Environmental Pfas Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Emerging Threat Posed by Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances to Male Reproduction in Humans

et al. 2022

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Per-fluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a diverse group of synthetic fluorinated chemicals used widely in industry and consumer products. Due to their extensive use and chemical stability, PFAS are ubiquitous environmental contaminants and as such, form an emerging risk factor for male reproductive health. The long half-lives of PFAS is of particular concern as the propensity to accumulate in biological systems prolong the time taken for excretion, taking years in many cases. Accordingly, there is mounting evidence supporting a negative association between PFAS exposure and an array of human health conditions. However, inconsistencies among epidemiological and experimental findings have hindered the ability to definitively link negative reproductive outcomes to specific PFAS exposure. This situation highlights the requirement for further investigation and the identification of reliable biological models that can inform health risks, allowing sensitive assessment of the spectrum of effects of PFAS exposure on humans. Here, we review the literature on the biological effects of PFAS exposure, with a specific focus on male reproduction, owing to its utility as a sentinel marker of general health. Indeed, male infertility has increasingly been shown to serve as an early indicator of a range of co-morbidities such as coronary, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases. It follows that adverse associations have been established between PFAS exposure and the incidence of testicular dysfunction, including pathologies such as testicular cancer and a reduction in semen quality. We also give consideration to the mechanisms that render the male reproductive tract vulnerable to PFAS mediated damage, and discuss novel remediation strategies to mitigate the negative impact of PFAS contamination and/or to ameliorate the PFAS load of exposed individuals.

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Novel remediation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) from contaminated groundwater using Cannabis Sativa L. (hemp) protein powder

Cited by 59 publications

References 49 publications

Development and validation of genetic markers for sex and cannabinoid chemotype in Cannabis sativa L.

Development and validation of genetic markers for sex and cannabinoid chemotype in Cannabis sativa L.

A Self-Assembled Iron(II) Metallacage as a Trap for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Water

Assessment of the Emerging Threat Posed by Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances to Male Reproduction in Humans

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