Novel Pretreatment Performance Evaluation for Cellulose Nanofibrils Extraction from Ficus natalensis Barkcloth

Abstract

Recently, nanosized cellulose materials extraction is extensively interesting from the sources of sustainable materials. Cellulose nano brils (CNF) extraction through green bio-based materials featured as promising interest in the eld of science. In this study, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was applied to examine its effectiveness in pretreating the Ficus natalensis barkcloth cellulose (FNBC) for CNF production perior to 2,2,6,6,-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidation. The pretreatment performance of DMSO was evaluated based on the structural and morphological changes. DMSO pretreated FNBC attained the most dramatic morphological changes as compared to untreated cellulose samples. The results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) shows that there is an extentive structural disruption of FNBC during the pretreatment process, could be because of outstanding ability to eliminate non-cellulosic materials and amorphous regions from the FNBC, con rmed by the X-ray diffractometry (XRD) showing higher crystallinity values as well as higher thermal stablilites values of pretreated FNBC samples were also noted. Overall, this study revealed tremendously effective and pioneer pretreatment method for fractionating FNBC, to stimulate the successive extraction of cellulose nano brils. Furthermore, on the basis of the cellulose and CNF characterizations, this study showed that Ficus natalensis barkcloth could be considered as an alternative source of cellulose for potential value-added industrial applications such as food industry, paper making, and biomedicines.

Modification of Flexible Electrodes for P-Type (Nickel Oxide) Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance Based on the Cellulose Nanofiber Film

“… 20 − 22 Recently, cellulose is becoming a smart material owing to applications in various fields like electronics, bioadhesives, and gas sensors. 23 − 27 Biodegradability, as well as the functionality of organic materials when forming hybrids with inorganic materials, are the other advantages of cellulose. 24 , 25 Presently, a flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate is employed to prepare a working electrode (WE) after they have been coated with numerous semi-conductive substances and coupled with platinum foil as working and counter electrodes (CEs), respectively, to produce new flexible DSSCs.…”

“…Thus, from the flexible materials, cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer on earth, and it is an inexpensive, widely available, and environmentally friendly polymer. − Recently, cellulose is becoming a smart material owing to applications in various fields like electronics, bioadhesives, and gas sensors. − Biodegradability, as well as the functionality of organic materials when forming hybrids with inorganic materials, are the other advantages of cellulose. , Presently, a flexible poly­(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate is employed to prepare a working electrode (WE) after they have been coated with numerous semi-conductive substances and coupled with platinum foil as working and counter electrodes (CEs), respectively, to produce new flexible DSSCs. , Nevertheless, because non-biodegradable PET substrates are unfriendly to the environment, the use of natural polymers, such as cellulose, is more advanced and encouraged because this biopolymer is plentiful on the Earth, cheap, widely available, viable, and good for the environment . In this case, the flexible electrode composed of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) film can be lighter and more comfortable to carry, allowing it to be used in place of commercially available flexible electrodes.…”

Sustainable Biochar Nanosheets Derived from Sweet Sorghum Residues via Superbase Pretreatment

“…The dimethyl sulfoxide/potassium hydroxide (DMSO/KOH) superbase system, a two-phase equilibrium system, is often used to exfoliate polymer nanofibers (e.g., aramid and chitin nanofibers) by weakening the hydrogen bonds among polymer chains owing to its strong nucleophilicity. , DMSO, a safe and effective polar solvent in the superbase system, can swell cellulose microfibrils by breaking the inter- or intramolecular hydrogen bonds and dissolving some non-cellulosic components . Additionally, alkali solutions have been proven to hydrolyze ester bonds between hemicellulose and lignin, facilitating the dissolution and separation of non-cellulosic components in plant fibers .…”

“…11,12 DMSO, a safe and effective polar solvent in the superbase system, can swell cellulose microfibrils by breaking the inter-or intramolecular hydrogen bonds and dissolving some non-cellulosic components. 13 Additionally, alkali solutions have been proven to hydrolyze ester bonds between hemicellulose and lignin, facilitating the dissolution and separation of non-cellulosic components in plant fibers. 14 The superbase system exists in the liquid phase near solid−liquid interface and requires a relatively low alkali dissolution concentration (∼1.4 mmol/L) with no environmental pollution.…”