Novel polyether-polyquaternium copolymer as an effective reverse demulsifier for O/W emulsions: Demulsification performance and mechanism

Recyclable polyether–polyquaternium grafted SiO2 microsphere for efficient treatment of ASP flooding-produced water: oil adsorption characteristics and mechanism

“…As we previously reported, about 100 mg L À1 of PPA was added to achieve the same oil removal efficiency of 78.0%. 28 This result highlighted the integrated demulsication and adsorption functionalities of PPA@SiO 2 .…”

“…Polyether-polyquaternium (PPA, molecular weight: 2684-12 862 Da) was synthesized via the epoxide-opening reaction between polyether and polyquaternium as we previously reported. 28 The hydrophobic modication was conducted by reacting hydrated silica with the silane coupling agent. 29 Then, the PPA@SiO 2 microsphere was obtained by graing PPA onto the hydrophobic silica (MPS-SiO 2 ) through the hydrosilylation reaction which was catalyzed by chloroplatinic acid (see Fig.…”

“…The simulated ASP ooding produced water (with an average oil droplet size of 11.2 mm) was prepared according to the above chemical composition and preparation protocol as we previously reported. 28 These sealed bottles were placed into a water bath and then shaken at selected temperatures to equilibrium. Followed by standing for 30 min, the water phase from the upper layer was taken out, so as to extracted the residual oil using petroleum ether and then measured the equilibrium oil content C e by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer (UV-4802S, Unico, China).…”

“…[23][24][25][26][27] In our previous work, an environmental-friendly polyetherpolyquaternium (PPA) demulsier that integrated both the polyether and polyquaternium functionalities was synthesized to demulsify the O/W emulsion. 28 The PPA achieved higher demulsication efficiency than a commercial demulsier and the demulsication mechanism of PPA has also been systematically investigated. 28 To further improve the oil-water separation efficiency and reduce PPA consumption, the surface graing protocol was employed to prepare a PPA@SiO 2 microsphere.…”

“…28 The PPA achieved higher demulsication efficiency than a commercial demulsier and the demulsication mechanism of PPA has also been systematically investigated. 28 To further improve the oil-water separation efficiency and reduce PPA consumption, the surface graing protocol was employed to prepare a PPA@SiO 2 microsphere. This functional PPA@SiO 2 microsphere integrated both the demulsication and adsorption functionalities.…”